1. "A MAN SIGNED TO DIE"
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2. It's an underdeveloped country
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3. Underdeveloped, underdeveloped...
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4. April, 1962.
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5. This was filmed when the National
Union of Students convoy
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6. drove around the country to discuss
the university reform.
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7. With them went members of the
students' Popular Culture Center
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8. whose aim was to encourage local
cultural centers in the states.
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9. Images of poverty in contrast with
imperialism
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10. were a typical tendency of the art of
those times.
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11. "Song of Underdevelopment"
is a good example.
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12. As a member of the Center and
responsible for these shots
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13. I have paid my tribute to the
nationalism of those times.
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14. I filmed an oil field
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15. exploited by Petrobras
in Alagoas State.
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16. On April 14th, the students arrived in
Paraiba.
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17. Two weeks before,
Joao Pedro Teixeira,
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18. founder and leader of the Sape
Peasant League, had been murdered.
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19. The day after our arrival a protest
rally against the murder
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20. was held in Sape,
a town 30 miles from the capital.
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21. Elizabeth Teixeira,
Joao Pedro's widow,
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22. attended the rally with
6 of her 11 children.
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23. The people assembled in front of
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24. the Small Farmers and Farm Workers
Association
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25. known as the Peasant League.
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26. At that time the Sape League
was the largest one
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27. with over 7,000 members.
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28. The league had been registered
3 years before
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29. as a civil corporation in private law.
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30. As rural syndicalism was
a non-existent right
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31. the peasants found in the leagues
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32. the only legal way to channel
their demands.
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33. Elizabeth Teixeira was 37.
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34. Joao Pedro was 44 when he died.
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35. Before the peasants went to the rally
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36. I made my first contact with
Elizabeth.
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37. I had a short talk with
her at the League.
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38. Higher rents, forced labor without
payment
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39. eviction without compensation
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40. the use of violence by big landowners.
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41. In the struggle against all of this
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42. Joao Pedro forged the unity of the
country people.
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43. It was this day that inspired a feature
film on his life.
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44. It would be called
"A Man Signed to Die".
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45. Produced by the Students' Center
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46. and the Pernambuco Popular
Culture Movement
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47. the film would be made on location
with the true characters.
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48. Elizabeth and her children
would play themselves.
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49. Two years later everything was ready
for filming.
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50. But on January 15th, 1964
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51. there was a skirmish in Sape
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52. among the police and guards from the
sugar-mill
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53. and the peasants.
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54. 11 people were killed.
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55. The region was occupied by the
Paraiba Military Police.
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56. So filming was impossible.
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57. The emergency forced me to move the
location
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58. and I found the ideal spot in
Pernambuco State
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59. at the Galilea sugar-mill where a first
league was founded in 1955.
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60. When we arrived there
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61. some 50 kilometers from Recife, the
capital we again prepared for filming.
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62. With the League's permission and
the help of local people
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63. we chose the locations and actors.
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64. On February 26, 1964
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65. when we shot the first take
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66. we had a cast able to give time
to the film.
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67. Now they owned their land,
thanks to a 4 year struggle
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68. that ended in the expropriation of
Galilea.
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69. Joao Mariano,
playing Joao Pedro Teixeira
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70. was not from Galilea.
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71. After being fired from a sugar-mill
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72. he moved to Vitoria, the nearest town.
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73. He was a Protestant like Joao Pedro.
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74. We hired him along with
5 of his children.
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75. These shots were to be used
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76. to open the film with the credits.
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77. The original plan to work with
the people involved
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78. now only included Elizabeth as
herself.
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79. She came to Pernambuco with us.
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80. 35 days after shooting had begun
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81. on April 1, work was stopped by
the 1964 military coup.
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82. Only 40 per cent of the script had
been shot.
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83. Galilea was raided and its leaders
imprisoned.
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84. Some of our crew were also arrested.
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85. But most fled to Recife and
then to Rio de Janeiro.
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86. Film equipment, negatives, rush print
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87. tapes, scripts and notes...
all were confiscated.
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88. But most of the printed negative
was saved
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89. because it had been sent to
the lab in Rio.
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90. 8 stills were also saved by
one of the crew.
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91. 2 years later I received
a copy of the script.
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92. It was rescued by a lawyer for
the Paraiba leagues
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93. when she was held in a barracks
in August 1964.
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94. February, 1981.
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95. 17 years later I returned to Galilea
to finish the film.
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96. There was no script.
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97. Just the idea to try
and find the people
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98. who had worked on the film before.
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99. I intended to get statements
on the past
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100. including facts linked to
the interruption of the film
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101. the true story of Joao Pedro's life
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102. Sape and Galilea's struggle
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103. and people's experiences
since that time.
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104. Only 2 who started the fight
in Galilea are still alive.
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105. Jose Hortencio da Cruz and
Joao Virginio Silva
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106. who is illiterate,
but a sort of tribal memory.
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107. The first meeting...
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108. It was him...
and his brother-in-law...
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109. his nephew and me.
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110. We got together here, talking...
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111. in this very place.
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112. I told my story and what ideas I had
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113. about founding a society
to take care of the dead.
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114. Because here the dead were buried
in a coffin lent by the mayor.
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115. We took the body to the cemetery
and then the coffin back.
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116. We called the coffin Lolo.
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117. We'd borrow it from the mayor to
bury people.
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118. Galilea was a disused sugar-mill
the land divided into small lots.
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119. There, lived 150 families of tenants
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120. who did subsistence farming.
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121. The owner lived in Recife.
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122. The tenants paid a yearly rent.
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123. Rent increases were also a cause of
the League.
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124. We got together, we had meetings.
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125. We met by the road, by the weir,
in houses. Everywhere.
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126. Then we got to the room
of this lad's father.
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127. A room in old Zeze's house.
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128. Old Zeze gave me the room
so as we could meet.
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129. We put down our aims and the name:
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130. The charitable society for the dead
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131. the Pernambuco Planter's
Agricultural Society.
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132. You couldn't call anything a union
or else you'd be dead.
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133. Jose Francisco de Souza
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134. The respected administrator of
the mill for over 30 years
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135. was elected chairman.
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136. The owner of Galilea evicted all
the tenants
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137. when he realized that the League
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138. had also aims of mutual assistance.
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139. So the people looked for a lawyer to
defend their rights.
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140. That was how I sought justice.
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141. Didn't find it in Victoria,
but in the State Courts.
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142. The Chairman of the Courts gave me
a deputy, Juliao.
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143. He came, took over
and looked after it.
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144. Things were getting better
and people came
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145. who were thrown out of the mills.
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146. They all came for help.
Galilea has a society
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147. for the country workers.
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148. The lawyer's a real tough guy.
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149. So the men came
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150. and we gave them cover.
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151. After 4 years the mill owner gave up.
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152. He made out he was going to sell up.
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153. So we went to the
deputy and he said:
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154. "I'll put it before the Chamber
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155. and we'll see what we
can do about it."
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156. There was a real set-to.
A real hullabaloo.
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157. One shouted they wouldn't
expropriate Galilea
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158. because it would mean
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159. expropriating several Galileas
because
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160. the idea would spread like wildfire
throughout Brazil
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161. and people would get hooked on
the idea.
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162. They'd get organized
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163. and forced the authorities to
purchase other property.
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164. - Yes, fortunately we won.
- Fortunately.
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165. They voted for us.
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166. The expropriation for social reasons
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167. was carried out in December, 1959
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168. by a fair compensation in money
as the Constitution rules.
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169. Galilea became a symbol of the
peasant movement.
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170. But even today the people have not
received the deeds.
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171. After our arrival in Galilea
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172. we showed what film we had to the
mill community
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173. in 1962 and 1964.
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174. The actors were our special guests.
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175. Jose Daniel do Nascimento, 67
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176. moved to Galilea when he was
thrown out of a neighboring mill.
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177. His child had sucked some sugarcane
without permission.
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178. Braz Francisco da Silva, 52
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179. was one of the leaders of
the Galilea struggle.
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180. He doesn't live here anymore.
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181. He had to run away in 1964
and is now rarely seen.
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182. Joao Virginio is greeted by Bia, 56
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183. who left Galilea in 1975
and never returned.
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184. He was a mill watchman,
and now is a quarry watchman.
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185. Joao Mariano Santana da Silva, 59
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186. who played Joao Pedro,
had not been here since 1964.
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187. He meets these people only at
Victoria's fair, where he lives.
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188. He has come with his grandchildren.
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189. Everything was shown
as it had been filmed
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190. out of order, unfinished scenes,
repetitions etc.
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191. Don't talk about him 'cause
he's behind you!
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192. Saturday night was the only time
to get them together.
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193. Some had come a long way,
to see the show.
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194. Mariano... It's him.
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195. - Yes, it's Mariano.
- Isn't? I recognized him.
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196. They reveled in identifying
the characters
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197. 17 years younger.
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198. - Gonna fight?
- Yes, now it's the time!
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199. It's a real maven, isn't it?
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200. Ze Daniel still lives in Galilea.
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201. His house was used as the main set:
Joao Pedro's house.
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202. Did you like the film the other day?
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203. - Did you enjoy the movie?
- On Saturday? It was good.
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204. What did you think?
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205. I thought it was very nice,
very interesting.
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206. All I have borne on duty...
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207. - When did you become a protestant?
- I'm a believer...
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208. After the revolution.
Wasn't it on April 1 st?
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209. On May 25th I gave myself to Jesus.
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210. - What are you? Baptist?
- The Assembly of God.
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211. Look at Braz!
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212. You remember when we made the film?
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213. I remember well.
We had such a good time...
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214. - What did you think?
- It was really good.
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215. But I missed the sound.
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216. Braz Francisco da Silva is the
only prosperous one.
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217. On his 10 acre farm
he grows vegetables
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218. which he sells in Recife.
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219. 6 of his children live in Sao Paulo
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220. and 3 people help him.
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221. Working since he was 8,
now he is tired and wants to sell.
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222. I want to sell up.
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223. If anyone shows up...
Want to buy it?
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224. Who? Me?
How much are you asking?
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225. For around 3 million I'll sell.
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226. For 3 million cruzeiros up.
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227. Braz, known by his
neighbors as Joao
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228. fled from Galilea in 1964
and changed his name
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229. to avoid persecution.
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230. Braz is disillusioned with
political activity
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231. and no longer likes Galilea or
remembering the past.
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232. It's Cicero!
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233. Look! Cicero Anastacio!
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234. He's down south and
we're seeing him here!
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235. Limeira, Sao Paulo State.
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236. Cicero Anastacio da Silva.
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237. - When did you start here?
- May 5th, last year.
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238. - What do you do?
- Iron rolling.
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239. - Why did you move south?
- I was employed there,
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240. but I lost my job and
was 6 months unemployed.
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241. I moved south last year, in March.
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242. Are you happy here?
Have you got used to it?
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243. Up to now I'm satisfied.
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244. No one get mad at me,
not even the boss.
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245. No one says anything against me.
Not so far.
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246. - Don't you want to come back?
- I'd like to.
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247. I'd like to very much.
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248. It's very cold here.
The wife can't abide it.
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249. I only haven't sent her back
because I can't.
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250. I had my home and
friends in the north.
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251. We had our causes
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252. our movement, we used to talk about,
decide what to do.
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253. We used to talk.
But here I have no one.
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254. Only thing I did was buy
a TV to watch.
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255. I like to watch the news
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256. to know what's going on.
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257. That's all I like to watch.
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258. The only actor from Galilea who
could read and write
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259. Cicero was also a production
assistant.
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260. What do you remember of the film?
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261. What do I remember?
I remember
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262. the scene I did roofing that house.
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263. The other asked me, and I answered:
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264. "Dried meat's so expensive.
How can we live?"
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265. I picked up a roof tile and
passed it up to the roof.
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266. Roofing the house and asking me...
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267. Then I answered:
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268. "Dried meat's so expensive.
How can we live?"
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269. Did you think we'd be back
to finish the film?
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270. I always hoped you
would come back.
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271. I used to think about it.
My mother was still alive.
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272. "My son, that time will never come."
I'd say: "Stop it, Mom...
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273. You only don't see
those who are dead.
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274. Those who are alive, you see."
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275. - Elizabeth Teixeira, right?
- So it is! Look at her!
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276. Although they had not seen her
since 1964
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277. the participants in the film recognized
her at once.
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278. Elizabeth had disappeared 17 years
before.
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279. Not even her family or her old friends
in the League
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280. knew where she had gone.
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281. Her eldest son, Abraham,
was the only one who knew.
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282. I went to find Abraham in Patos,
Paraiba State
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283. where he is a journalist.
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284. After making many demands,
he agreed to take the film crew
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285. to his mother's house.
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286. We went to the border and entered
Rio Grande do Norte State
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287. still not knowing where
we were being taken.
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288. After 4 hours of very bad roads
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289. we glimpsed a village near the
Piranhas River.
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290. It was Sao Rafael, a good hideout.
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291. 480 miles from Sape and
over 800 from Galilea.
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292. The town has only 3,000 people
and no television.
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293. Elizabeth lived there with her son,
Carlos
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294. the only one she had brought with her.
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295. She had changed her name to
Marta Maria da Costa.
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296. Elizabeth wasn't expecting me.
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297. I began by showing her the stills
that remained from the film.
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298. - How did you get this?
- This is what was saved.
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299. The photographer hid them and so,
saved them.
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300. I'm surprised.
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301. I thought they had hidden everything.
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302. They got the originals
but not the copy.
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303. I mean: The original was in Rio.
They got the copy in...
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304. Ma, acknowledge President
Figueiredo's liberalization.
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305. - Yes. President Figueiredo...
- We're here thanks to him.
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306. Thanks to him I'm
here with you now.
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307. The only government that deserves
all our dignity... right?
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308. For having given the right for
political prisoners
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309. outside Brazil to come back
to their families.
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310. Today, here I am
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311. with my son, meeting you,
Coutinho, again.
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312. I never expected to see you today
in my house.
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313. And who do we have to thank?
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314. I had no hope left
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315. of ever meeting even
my children again.
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316. I was afraid.
I've suffered a lot.
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317. You'll bear witness to that.
I suffered a lot.
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318. I was persecuted a lot.
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319. They wanted to... to exterminate me.
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320. - Have you been here long?
- 16 years.
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321. You came here 16 years ago?
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322. After the movement
I had to run away here.
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323. It was pretty difficult.
Everyone was after me.
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324. I couldn't stay in Recife.
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325. Things got better when I came here.
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326. I hid.
No one knew who I was.
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327. Nobody here knew who I was.
Now they know.
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328. You all know.
When I came here
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329. I wasn't going to say I had children.
To some people
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330. I said I had children and my husband
had been killed.
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331. But before I kept quiet.
I said nothing.
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332. But, thank God,
here I am now telling the story.
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333. And Joao Pedro and
Pedro the farmer... these...
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334. Ma, I don't want to influence you...
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335. But all regimes are the same...
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336. if you don't have political protection.
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337. They are all rustic,
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338. violent, arbitrary
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339. dependending on
your economic situation.
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340. All factions forgot Elizabeth Teixeira
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341. simply because she had no power.
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342. This is her eldest son's protest.
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343. This film must record
my vehement objection...
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344. something for which my mother's
heart lacks
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345. intellectual and expressive capacity.
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346. I'll record everything
the family wants to say.
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347. I want you to record our rejection to
all systems.
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348. It will be recorded.
I guarantee it.
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349. - No system helps the poor.
- None.
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350. I was thin, in black.
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351. That same night
we showed Elizabeth
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352. her two sons and
her neighbors the films from the past.
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353. Elizabeth planting peanuts!
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354. Abraham watched without interfering.
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355. That one plays my husband.
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356. The boys are happy!
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357. Ah, my God...
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358. No. That's the family
who plays that part!
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359. Our arrival for the second day
of filming with Elizabeth.
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360. In all, it was 3 days.
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361. On the first Abraham made his
presence felt
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362. especially at the beginning.
He didn't come for the rest.
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363. Elizabeth told her life story
in two stages:
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364. With and without Abraham.
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365. In the living-room
and in the backyard.
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366. Is Elizabeth in?
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367. Come here, Elizabeth.
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368. How's the class going?
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369. - The class is here. We're...
- Everything all right?
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370. Is it good?
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371. Not many kids yet.
Today's the first day. They'll know
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372. who the teachers are. Less kids came
today. Want to come in?
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373. Come on in.
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374. Let's see if the light's good enough.
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375. Right. How are things in the city?
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376. Last night I laid thinking in bed.
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377. I spoke bad yesterday.
But I was upset.
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378. I should have started like you wanted.
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379. From the beginning.
How we met and got married
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380. and moved to Jaboatao.
Should have waited for today.
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381. We'll do it again today.
Got a yard here?
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382. Yes. Come in and have a look.
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383. Elizabeth had only
the elementary school
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384. and was teaching some children
to read and write.
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385. You remember what year
you got married?
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386. The year... 1942.
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387. How did you meet
Joao Pedro Teixeira?
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388. I met him in my father's store.
He was buying there.
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389. We started courting
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390. and eventually we got married.
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391. - Was your father against it?
- Yes, he was.
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392. Was it true you had to run away?
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393. What was that all about?
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394. I eloped. My father never
agreed to the marriage.
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395. I eloped.
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396. And so you went to the Massangana
sugar mill?
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397. - Joao Pedro went to work there?
- Yes.
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398. - What did he do?
- He worked in the quarry.
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399. - He worked in the quarry.
- On the sugar mill land.
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400. - When did you go to Cavaleiro?
- That was in 1945.
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401. It was no good, so we moved and
he worked in a quarry...
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402. in the outskirts of Recife.
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403. Joao Pedro became friends
with Manoel Serafim.
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404. They were neighbors.
They went to the same church
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405. and worked together.
Manoel still lives and works there.
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406. In Cavaleiro, Jaboatao,
in greater Recife.
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407. He was not very dark
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408. with wild curly hair... yes, rather wild.
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409. He had rather wiry hair.
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410. He was built kind of...
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411. He was big built.
His face was sort of wide...
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412. A round face with a forehead
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413. that shows these people are good,
you know.
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414. A person you can rely on.
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415. A high forehead, without being bald.
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416. Was he lively?
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417. He was big built.
Maybe stronger than him.
Copy !req
418. Muscular... muscular arms.
Copy !req
419. We lived in Recife.
Copy !req
420. He began his political life in Recife.
Copy !req
421. He took part in workers' unions...
Copy !req
422. - At the quarry?
- At the quarry.
Copy !req
423. Workers at the quarry.
Copy !req
424. In Cavaleiro he already had those
ideas of his.
Copy !req
425. His idea of always being on the
workers' side.
Copy !req
426. Of working for the worker.
Copy !req
427. Fighting for the Union and workers'
demands.
Copy !req
428. So they stopped giving him work.
Copy !req
429. They started clamping down.
Copy !req
430. He left to Paraiba
Copy !req
431. to be chairman of the League.
Copy !req
432. So I said to him:
Copy !req
433. "There's dangerous people there.
Copy !req
434. You'll come to a bad end."
Copy !req
435. And he said: "I don't want to die...
Copy !req
436. But I'm not afraid to get shot for
such things.
Copy !req
437. It can happen.
Copy !req
438. I could get shot.
Copy !req
439. But it's better than dying of
starvation."
Copy !req
440. So Daddy sent for us
Copy !req
441. and Joao Pedro tried to set up the
League.
Copy !req
442. He organized the peasant's league
in 1958.
Copy !req
443. 1958, 1959, 1960...
Copy !req
444. 1961, 1962, and then he was killed.
Copy !req
445. What was the farm like?
Was it your father's?
Copy !req
446. The farm we lived on was Daddy's.
Copy !req
447. - How big was it?
- I don't know how many acres.
Copy !req
448. - Was it small?
- It was small.
Copy !req
449. - Could Joao Pedro write?
- Yes. Read and write. A bit.
Copy !req
450. Was he a Protestant
when you got married?
Copy !req
451. - He became one later?
- Later.
Copy !req
452. - In Jaboatao?
- Yes. He got into it there.
Copy !req
453. He spent a lot of time at it.
Copy !req
454. Then he threw himself into politics.
Copy !req
455. He concentrated on the leagues and
left the church.
Copy !req
456. Until one day, when he was arrested
by the Army...
Copy !req
457. they asked him questions from
the Bible and he answered.
Copy !req
458. "So you are a true Protestant.
You answer everything I'm asking."
Copy !req
459. - You stayed Catholic all the time?
- Yes.
Copy !req
460. - Never fought over religion?
- Not once.
Copy !req
461. He accepted it.
He would say
Copy !req
462. he wouldn't baptize the children.
Copy !req
463. They'd be pagans.
I accepted it. No problem.
Copy !req
464. He worked on the farm.
He lived and worked on the farm.
Copy !req
465. Only in his free time on Saturdays
and Sundays
Copy !req
466. would he go out, or they'd come here
Copy !req
467. to discuss things
Copy !req
468. and he'd ask them
how they were surviving.
Copy !req
469. Others came to tell him
they had been thrown off
Copy !req
470. that the owner had evicted them
out of hand.
Copy !req
471. He'd say, "Friends, we must unite.
Copy !req
472. United we can put an end to this
style.
Copy !req
473. That the owners can take our fields,
but unless we unite.
Copy !req
474. They'll keep on doing it."
Copy !req
475. Market day was meeting day.
He'd call the people.
Copy !req
476. I stayed in the League,
stamping cards,
Copy !req
477. signing them, asked who wanted to
join, the payments...
Copy !req
478. In this sequence of
"A Man Signed to Die"
Copy !req
479. a group of peasants led
by Joao Pedro
Copy !req
480. were discussing rent increases
with the administrator.
Copy !req
481. The dialogue was created by the
actors
Copy !req
482. through an improvisation
before filming.
Copy !req
483. What's all this about?
Copy !req
484. You shouldn't have come in a convoy.
Copy !req
485. When you come to pay,
let just one come. It looks bad.
Copy !req
486. I'll change your housing situation.
Copy !req
487. You're very close to one another.
Copy !req
488. We pay right but
you want to put it up.
Copy !req
489. You're the leader, Joao Pedro.
These ideas of yours!
Copy !req
490. He's not the leader.
Copy !req
491. But according to the agreement
he can make a reasonable appeal.
Copy !req
492. We have no choice in the matter.
Copy !req
493. Look, I'm very upset with
you about all this.
Copy !req
494. You're upset?
Copy !req
495. You shouldn't be.
Copy !req
496. I bury your sons and put your wives
in hospital.
Copy !req
497. You have everything you need.
Copy !req
498. You need a stronger argument
than that.
Copy !req
499. You don't think.
You don't seem to have any sense.
Copy !req
500. You're half-witted and get in the way.
Copy !req
501. - I want to settle this!
- Mill owners don't die
Copy !req
502. and administrators don't die.
Only peasants die.
Copy !req
503. We don't want a fight with you,
but we can't pay.
Copy !req
504. You know you're mine and I'm yours.
Copy !req
505. I want you to be satisfied.
Copy !req
506. I don't want a fight.
The land is all ours.
Copy !req
507. But I won't sign this idea
of no rent increase.
Copy !req
508. I can only sign when the boss gets
back from town in a week.
Copy !req
509. I have my orders.
Copy !req
510. We can wait a week, can't we?
Copy !req
511. According to what his answer is,
then we'll decide.
Copy !req
512. Let's think about it.
Life is sweet.
Copy !req
513. Go back home. Talk about it and
forget it. We're together.
Copy !req
514. Next week we'll be back
to hear his answer.
Copy !req
515. The day will come when you won't be
able to keep on doing this.
Copy !req
516. So your father argued with
Joao Pedro?
Copy !req
517. - Yes.
- They didn't see each other?
Copy !req
518. Dad said he wanted to take the land.
Copy !req
519. Take what wasn't his.
Copy !req
520. I explained but Dad said it wasn't
right.
Copy !req
521. And Dad really fought with him.
Copy !req
522. We had some cattle at home.
Copy !req
523. Dad had sent it there to look
after the milking.
Copy !req
524. Dad had it sent away.
Copy !req
525. He sold the farm to Antonio Vitor
Copy !req
526. so we had to go away.
Copy !req
527. Dad said: "Get some land and
go live there."
Copy !req
528. It was all very unfair there.
Copy !req
529. What was unfair?
Copy !req
530. They used to kill the country workers.
Copy !req
531. They were thrown out
without any rights.
Copy !req
532. People got persecuted.
Copy !req
533. You couldn't even go out to work.
Copy !req
534. You were persecuted, saw people die
Copy !req
535. and families abandoned in the fields
Copy !req
536. while they took over the plantations.
Copy !req
537. I met Alfredo at the League.
He was a member.
Copy !req
538. He was a fighter and very
long-suffering.
Copy !req
539. Pedro Ramos put pressure on him.
Copy !req
540. Until one day, in the fields
Copy !req
541. he met the landowner's hired thugs
Copy !req
542. who attacked and killed him.
Copy !req
543. When they threw stones at the door
you sang, right?
Copy !req
544. They banged on the door
and called for Joao Pedro to open up.
Copy !req
545. They said the lawyer
was waiting for him.
Copy !req
546. Do you remember the song you sang?
Copy !req
547. - Yes, I remember.
- What was it like?
Copy !req
548. Lady, why is your
Baby a-crying?
Copy !req
549. He's full up and a-crying
'cause he wants his milk
Copy !req
550. Lady, why is your
Baby a-crying?
Copy !req
551. He's full up and a-crying
'cause he wants a smack
Copy !req
552. He was arrested several times.
Copy !req
553. And he got misattentive...
Copy !req
554. One day when I was teaching the kids
Copy !req
555. he sat outside on the porch,
bare-chested.
Copy !req
556. Several policemen arrived.
Copy !req
557. Several policemen.
Copy !req
558. There was no time.
They got him.
Copy !req
559. They took him off,
bare-chested and all.
Copy !req
560. He believed in the struggle.
Copy !req
561. The big landowners offered him money.
Copy !req
562. So he would give up the fight.
Copy !req
563. They would give him another...
any way of surviving.
Copy !req
564. I remember this day and night.
Copy !req
565. What he suffered and never gave in.
Copy !req
566. He never came home and said:
Copy !req
567. "Elizabeth, I regret it."
That, never!
Copy !req
568. He was as solid as a rock.
Copy !req
569. He said: "I'm planning
a meeting for Saturday."
Copy !req
570. I said: "It's not possible.
Copy !req
571. To prepare the meeting."
He said:
Copy !req
572. "I will."
I said: "Count me in."
Copy !req
573. He got a jeep and
went around the farms
Copy !req
574. and that day we had our biggest
protest rally.
Copy !req
575. He believed the big landowners
would kill him.
Copy !req
576. One day I called him:
Copy !req
577. "Joao Pedro, let's leave the State.
Copy !req
578. We can't go on.
It's too difficult.
Copy !req
579. People say that
Copy !req
580. the landowners are thinking on
killing you.
Copy !req
581. They say the day you're killed.
Copy !req
582. They'll cut your ear off
and make a drink of it.
Copy !req
583. That can't be.
Let's leave
Copy !req
584. and go down south."
Copy !req
585. He looked at me and said:
Copy !req
586. "You and the kids are here.
Copy !req
587. You've got the pictures
as a souvenir.
Copy !req
588. But I ain't gonna chicken out.
Copy !req
589. I'm positive they're gonna kill me.
Copy !req
590. I can see hate in their faces.
Copy !req
591. Wherever I go they're grouching.
Copy !req
592. I can see their wrath.
Copy !req
593. I know I've had it.
Copy !req
594. They're gonna kill me sure as eggs.
Copy !req
595. Now, I'll tell you something:
Copy !req
596. They'll do it cowardly."
Copy !req
597. It was on April 2nd... a Monday...
Copy !req
598. He was going to make a deal
with the lawyer
Copy !req
599. about the land we lived on
Copy !req
600. and about which we
disagreed with the owner.
Copy !req
601. He'd been called by the lawyer
and was going to pick up
Copy !req
602. the eldest boy's books at the
same time. He started high school.
Copy !req
603. He brought my books, did he?
Copy !req
604. You're a real teacher to me,
Copy !req
605. and you are a school.
This is, for me
Copy !req
606. my strength, my reason for living
Copy !req
607. being able to talk to Mr Coutinho
Copy !req
608. fighting with him over
100,000 cruzeiros
Copy !req
609. over 50,000, 10,000,
20,000, 100,000.
Copy !req
610. I could fight for 10 million
if necessary.
Copy !req
611. Why? Not only was my
father a saint
Copy !req
612. but I have a mother...
Well, you can see...
Copy !req
613. Forgive the interruption.
Go on.
Copy !req
614. When he was killed on
the Cafe do Vento road
Copy !req
615. they even shot up the books
he was carrying.
Copy !req
616. They were covered in blood.
Copy !req
617. He was smoking when he was shot.
Copy !req
618. About 8 o'clock,
the papers had the news.
Copy !req
619. A big report on him.
Copy !req
620. Everyone bought it.
Copy !req
621. And it said:
Copy !req
622. "Chairman of the Paraiba
League shot."
Copy !req
623. And his name was there like an
important person's.
Copy !req
624. And we all felt so sad.
Copy !req
625. As if the sun had stopped.
And that cold serenity...
Copy !req
626. the sadness of snatching a life and
leaving emptiness
Copy !req
627. without joy, that everyone felt.
Copy !req
628. You only heard of his death next day.
Why?
Copy !req
629. The reasons...
Copy !req
630. I think the landowners
tried to cover it up.
Copy !req
631. And our friends, I think...
Copy !req
632. when they heard, they also didn't...
Copy !req
633. didn't have the courage
to come and tell me.
Copy !req
634. How did you react?
Copy !req
635. - Did you go wild?
- That's it.
Copy !req
636. I could hardly believe it.
Copy !req
637. I went to the town where he was
Copy !req
638. together with Abraham.
Copy !req
639. We walked, and got transport
half-way.
Copy !req
640. I went to the morgue where he was,
dead.
Copy !req
641. He was riddled with bullet wounds.
Horrible.
Copy !req
642. So sad.
Copy !req
643. His ear was still full of mud
Copy !req
644. and there was a pool of blood
on the floor.
Copy !req
645. The criminals were never punished?
Copy !req
646. There was no punishment.
Copy !req
647. Joao Pedro Teixeira was ambushed
and killed...
Copy !req
648. on April 2nd, 1962
Copy !req
649. by two soldiers of the Military Police.
Another participant
Copy !req
650. was a cowhand from landowner
Agnaldo Veloso Borges's ranch.
Copy !req
651. The judge in Sape ordered
Agnaldo's arrest
Copy !req
652. as one of the instigators
of the crime.
Copy !req
653. But he got off by taking a chair
on the Legislative Assembly.
Copy !req
654. Agnaldo was the fifth vice-deputy.
Copy !req
655. One deputy and 4 vices resigned to
allow him into office.
Copy !req
656. In March, 1965
Copy !req
657. the 2 policemen who killed
Joao Pedro
Copy !req
658. were unanimously acquitted
by the jury.
Copy !req
659. The film started an hour ago
and everyone's attentive.
Copy !req
660. Joao Virginio and his wife...
Braz... Bia...
Copy !req
661. Ze Daniel... Joao Mariano...
Copy !req
662. Joao Mariano was the only one
who was not politically active.
Copy !req
663. When we asked him to do the film
we told him who Joao Pedro was.
Copy !req
664. He accepted at once because
he had been thrown out of a mill
Copy !req
665. and was unemployed.
Copy !req
666. He gradually began to identify
with the part.
Copy !req
667. He is leader of a Baptist church
in Victoria.
Copy !req
668. I interviewed him by surprise
the day after the film.
Copy !req
669. Well, you see...
Copy !req
670. I don't take part
Copy !req
671. in certain movements.
Copy !req
672. I got into this movement 16 years ago,
for instance
Copy !req
673. through the mill where
this movement arrived.
Copy !req
674. Just a minute.
There's too much wind. Cut.
Copy !req
675. Start again.
What you said was perfect.
Copy !req
676. Don't worry, Mariano.
Tell us how you live.
Copy !req
677. OK, Mr Mariano?
Copy !req
678. OK, Mr Mariano?
Copy !req
679. I think you know all about it.
I didn't want to be involved.
Copy !req
680. I was at the mill,
because of the league and so on.
Copy !req
681. I left the mill to avoid getting mixed
up in it all.
Copy !req
682. When I got to the town,
you came looking for me.
Copy !req
683. So I took on this...
let's say... career
Copy !req
684. without knowing what I was doing.
Copy !req
685. Then I realized
it was all about property
Copy !req
686. land, and so on.
Because I don't need land.
Copy !req
687. I've got my bit.
I live without meddling with A or B.
Copy !req
688. But when you came...
you were so nice to me...
Copy !req
689. I was interested in the work,
not for this revolution business.
Copy !req
690. And that's that.
Copy !req
691. That had nothing to do with it.
Tell me...
Copy !req
692. How do you live now?
Copy !req
693. Off my own bat.
I have no mill boss over me.
Copy !req
694. And I want nothing
to do with them, either.
Copy !req
695. That's my life.
Copy !req
696. Were you a Protestant at that time?
Copy !req
697. Yes. That's why
the church rejected me.
Copy !req
698. I was excluded from it.
I was very upset.
Copy !req
699. That's why I don't want to
go on with it.
Copy !req
700. I can believe you're recording
what I'm saying
Copy !req
701. but you can see from
my face that I'm not
Copy !req
702. that dedicated to this movement.
Copy !req
703. How long have you been a Protestant?
Copy !req
704. - 28 years.
- The Baptist Church?
Copy !req
705. Yes, sir.
Copy !req
706. Once bitten, twice shy.
Copy !req
707. I was once disappointed.
Why would I be again?
Copy !req
708. Why were you so disappointed?
Copy !req
709. Because the church wouldn't support
the movement.
Copy !req
710. I don't want revolution.
Just peace and quiet.
Copy !req
711. Everyone to their own life.
Let sleeping dogs lie.
Copy !req
712. That's how it is.
Copy !req
713. - You sell a few things at home?
- Waste of time!
Copy !req
714. You weren't harmed by
making the film, were you?
Copy !req
715. No, not harmed.
Copy !req
716. Except by the mill owner.
Copy !req
717. In the revolution he was after
me and wanted to kill me.
Copy !req
718. Because of a case in 1963?
Copy !req
719. Because they compensated
me at the mill...
Copy !req
720. Not because of the film.
I wasn't called by anyone.
Copy !req
721. I wasn't disappointed.
Only by the church.
Copy !req
722. Did you enjoy seeing
yourself on the film?
Copy !req
723. I enjoyed it, yes. You do, don't you?
I mean the fruits of your work.
Copy !req
724. I live by my work.
My part was natural, wasn't it?
Copy !req
725. Not something to harm A or B.
Copy !req
726. So I enjoyed it because
I saw the fruits of my work.
Copy !req
727. Elizabeth went to the south, 20 days
after her husband was killed.
Copy !req
728. On May 5th, 1962, in Brasilia
Copy !req
729. she spoke to the parliamentary
commission on agrarian affairs.
Copy !req
730. I had to go to Rio
Copy !req
731. to take part in the
Enquiry Commission.
Copy !req
732. When I arrived in Rio
Copy !req
733. I went on to Brasilia.
Copy !req
734. There, the Deputies and the President
Copy !req
735. thought I had to take Joao Pedro's
place to support my children
Copy !req
736. and to boost the League.
Copy !req
737. I was the widow of the leader.
Copy !req
738. I went on. I said I would take over
even if I died.
Copy !req
739. Even if I died.
Copy !req
740. So I took over and worked at it.
Copy !req
741. In my fight I protested against
Joao Pedro's assassination
Copy !req
742. and that of all his colleagues
who had died.
Copy !req
743. I was arrested.
Copy !req
744. Not by one,
or two or three policemen.
Copy !req
745. They shot at my feet.
Copy !req
746. They shot at my feet.
Copy !req
747. Even so, I didn't stop
but got into the car.
Copy !req
748. When I got there, they asked me
some stupid questions.
Copy !req
749. They asked me how I got on with
things overseas. Rubbish!
Copy !req
750. That was probably Elizabeth's
last rally.
Copy !req
751. The rally took place at the beginning
of 1964.
Copy !req
752. To celebrate the founding
of the Rural Union of Taipu,
Copy !req
753. near Sape.
Copy !req
754. In answer to the peasant movement
Copy !req
755. the Government encouraged rural
unionization.
Copy !req
756. 2 weeks after this demonstration there
was the conflict near Sape
Copy !req
757. which didn't allow filming in the area.
Copy !req
758. A month later, in February 1964
Copy !req
759. Elizabeth came to Pernambuco for the
filming in Galilea.
Copy !req
760. 200,000 PEOPLE
Copy !req
761. These were the last scenes filmed
Copy !req
762. on March 31 st, 1964.
Copy !req
763. It was when Joao Pedro
gathered the peasants
Copy !req
764. to discuss the formation of the
Sape League.
Copy !req
765. Three shots only were filmed.
Copy !req
766. First, when Elizabeth served coffee.
Copy !req
767. Then, when she hears a noise outside
and goes to see.
Copy !req
768. The last is when
she comes back and says:
Copy !req
769. "There are people out there."
Copy !req
770. - There are people out there!
- There are people out there!
Copy !req
771. - There are people out there!
- There are people out there!
Copy !req
772. There are people out there!
Copy !req
773. - And then?
- March 31 st, huh?
Copy !req
774. March 31 st and here we are
surrounded by the Army.
Copy !req
775. Not from Pernambuco,
but the Army from Paraiba.
Copy !req
776. No one knew any soldiers here.
Copy !req
777. They walked in. Not by car.
They all walked in.
Copy !req
778. Everybody ran.
There were soldiers everywhere.
Copy !req
779. Just looking for 3 people:
Joao Virginio, Zeze and Rosario.
Copy !req
780. They only wanted those 3.
Copy !req
781. And the film people,
but didn't get them.
Copy !req
782. That's who they most wanted,
the film people.
Copy !req
783. - And your father's house?
- It was over there.
Copy !req
784. The house was over there.
Copy !req
785. It isn't there anymore.
Very old.
Copy !req
786. We built in again someplace else.
Copy !req
787. Ze Daniel's house was
Joao Pedro's in the film.
Copy !req
788. The film equipment was kept there.
Copy !req
789. I went through, the wood up there
Copy !req
790. and I shouted to Daniel's son:
Copy !req
791. "Duda! Tell them they're coming!
Copy !req
792. The troops are all coming behind.
Copy !req
793. They're nearly there."
Copy !req
794. Duda was playing football,
but came up...
Copy !req
795. and gave the message.
You left.
Copy !req
796. I walked over but
they weren't coming.
Copy !req
797. When I got there,
you were climbing the hills.
Copy !req
798. The film crew had already gone.
Copy !req
799. They were hiding in the wood
behind that hill.
Copy !req
800. The troops arrived.
When I looked from up there
Copy !req
801. I saw 3 Army trucks.
Copy !req
802. About 8 at night.
Copy !req
803. I heard thuds coming from inside.
Copy !req
804. The Army were ransacking everything
in the house.
Copy !req
805. Turning it upside down.
Copy !req
806. They took the mattresses off
the beds... It was a mess.
Copy !req
807. The big keg where we kept the flour
Copy !req
808. had been thrown outside through the
kitchen door.
Copy !req
809. A pan of manioc we were cooking
for dinner...
Copy !req
810. they threw out into the yard.
Copy !req
811. They broke our bags and cases...
my sister's case...
Copy !req
812. They took the generator,
and the spot lights.
Copy !req
813. They took all the machinery,
all the material.
Copy !req
814. ARMED FORCES' EXCLUSIVE ARMS
Copy !req
815. This front-page picture from
the "Diário de Pernambuco"
Copy !req
816. shows cans of films, tripods,
reflectors, a megaphone...
Copy !req
817. Normal film equipment.
Copy !req
818. It was in Galilea that the Army
apprehended material
Copy !req
819. from the largest subversive
communist group in Pernambuco
Copy !req
820. abandoned by left-wing leaders
with the women and children.
Copy !req
821. In a typical peasant hovel
Copy !req
822. highly subversive material
was found, set up
Copy !req
823. by international left-wing groups,
protected by
Copy !req
824. the last State government.
Copy !req
825. There was a powerful generator
Copy !req
826. for expensive cinema projectors.
Copy !req
827. Among many others, the film taken
Copy !req
828. the week of the coup was
"Signals of Death".
Copy !req
829. It showed how the peasants should
react in cold blood
Copy !req
830. with no sense of guilt or remorse
when shooting was necessary
Copy !req
831. or decapitation or other forms
of elimination
Copy !req
832. inflicted on "reactionary"
prisoners in battle
Copy !req
833. or taken to Galilea.
Copy !req
834. Meanwhile, a sociologist who
wishes to remain anonymous
Copy !req
835. drew up a plan to be used
in the case of the mill
Copy !req
836. to help in the moral and social
recovery of the sub-race
Copy !req
837. to which the communists tried to
reduce these peasants.
Copy !req
838. Ze Daniel took us to a hideout.
Copy !req
839. At night the troops went back
to Victoria.
Copy !req
840. We were all together in the wood
Copy !req
841. and later the kids arrived shouting.
Copy !req
842. "Dad... Oh, Dad! Dad!"
Copy !req
843. I wanted to go.
Copy !req
844. "Don't go there, no."
I wanted to go.
Copy !req
845. "Come and have coffee.
They've gone."
Copy !req
846. Old Ze Feliciano said:
Copy !req
847. "Ze Daniel, come home.
They've gone. Have some coffee."
Copy !req
848. - I wanted to go.
- Didn't you answer?
Copy !req
849. Because Coutinho was there saying:
"Don't go. No. Don't go."
Copy !req
850. I wanted to...
Copy !req
851. We were worried the Army
might still be there.
Copy !req
852. Might have been there still.
Copy !req
853. We left the wood early with Elizabeth
Copy !req
854. and said goodbye to the people.
Copy !req
855. We split into groups of 3 and
got onto the Recife road
Copy !req
856. a few miles further on.
Copy !req
857. We all took separate buses
Copy !req
858. and managed to get to Recife.
Copy !req
859. We only later found out
that 5 crew members
Copy !req
860. who wanted to stay in Victoria,
had been arrested.
Copy !req
861. The Army went back to Galilea soon
afterwards.
Copy !req
862. The same day, April 3rd,
Ze Daniel gave himself up.
Copy !req
863. I gave myself up.
At first I said to him:
Copy !req
864. "I beg you by your mother's milk,
Copy !req
865. for the love of Jesus Christ
our Savior...
Copy !req
866. If you can see any reason
why I be arrested
Copy !req
867. or beaten, or shot 2, 3 or 4 times,
if I can stand it."
Copy !req
868. He said: "You're scared
to be a prisoner." I said yes.
Copy !req
869. That's why I respect man,
woman and child.
Copy !req
870. So I can be respected too
as a poor old man.
Copy !req
871. I'm weak, thank God.
Copy !req
872. I live by my respect and want to die
respected and in honor.
Copy !req
873. I heard you'd called me.
I want to die at home.
Copy !req
874. But not be in jail and beaten.
Copy !req
875. If that's it, I'll face anything
but not give myself up.
Copy !req
876. Sergeant Saraiva says: "Tell me
where the guns are, Ze Daniel."
Copy !req
877. Well, says I, "There's that gun
you took from home
Copy !req
878. and others, shotguns
to hunt fowl to eat
Copy !req
879. and these are the guns in Galilea."
Copy !req
880. "No, Daniel. The machine-guns."
"I never seen one. I heard of.
Copy !req
881. I see one now in your hands.
I wanted to see one."
Copy !req
882. We hid the film camera
with Daniel's help
Copy !req
883. in a sort of cave in the wilds.
Copy !req
884. It was the last piece of equipment
found by the Army.
Copy !req
885. - Under that rock there.
- Go on down...
Copy !req
886. - Can you tell where it was?
- Under that rock there.
Copy !req
887. - What was under it?
- The film machine, under the rock.
Copy !req
888. He asked. I didn't want to say,
but I said: "We'll see."
Copy !req
889. I didn't want to say what I knew.
Copy !req
890. We came down.
Copy !req
891. I said, "I think they came down here",
but I didn't say I'd put it...
Copy !req
892. We got there... I saw the slope
Copy !req
893. and I spotted the camera.
I said: "Look over there!"
Copy !req
894. So they got hold of the camera.
Copy !req
895. Then he started up shouting:
"Look what I've found!"
Copy !req
896. Joao Jose, Daniel's son
was 20 at the time.
Copy !req
897. The only thing I managed to keep
Copy !req
898. were 2 books left on the table.
The Army took everything else.
Copy !req
899. I always keep my books in this case.
Copy !req
900. History of a Manuscript -
Kaputt.
Copy !req
901. "Every morning
Copy !req
902. I'd sit in the garden
Copy !req
903. under an acacia tree
Copy !req
904. and get down to work.
Copy !req
905. If any of the SS militia
Copy !req
906. came near the garden,
Copy !req
907. the peasant would warn me
by a cough."
Copy !req
908. So, when the troops arrived,
the other would warn him.
Copy !req
909. And the Army wouldn't get him.
He'd escape.
Copy !req
910. The story of your film is like that.
Copy !req
911. "When I had to go to the front
Copy !req
912. I entrusted the manuscript Kaputt to
my friend Roman Suchena
Copy !req
913. who had hidden it in the pigpen wall.
Copy !req
914. I will always be grateful to the
peasant Roman Suchena
Copy !req
915. and his daughter-in-law
for helping me
Copy !req
916. to save my manuscript from the hands
of the Gestapo."
Copy !req
917. You associate that book
with the film, right?
Copy !req
918. One of you left it here.
Copy !req
919. - Whose book is it?
- It was left on the table.
Copy !req
920. - How many years have you had it.
- 17 years. And this one.
Copy !req
921. It's got Fernando Duarte written in it.
Copy !req
922. - I think he was that thin man.
- The photographer.
Copy !req
923. Must be.
I said it was the film people's.
Copy !req
924. One was about films and things too.
Copy !req
925. The Army Captain wanted this one
because it was about
Copy !req
926. the World War and Russia or
something.
Copy !req
927. But I said: "It was mine."
He said: "It was the Cuban's."
Copy !req
928. I said: "No siree, this book is mine."
Copy !req
929. - Who were the Cubans?
- You were.
Copy !req
930. He thought we were Cubans?
Copy !req
931. He thought you were them
bearded Cubans
Copy !req
932. filming here back then in 1964.
Copy !req
933. So I said: "No sir, there's no Cubans or
communists here."
Copy !req
934. He said: "But you'll show us where
their arms are.
Copy !req
935. And where they were.
They wanted a revolution."
Copy !req
936. I said: "They didn't say anything about
revolution or about Cuba."
Copy !req
937. "How did they talk?"
"The same way as everyone else."
Copy !req
938. "Did they have a bit of an accent?"
Copy !req
939. I said: "Sure, they spoke normal
enough.
Copy !req
940. But people from Rio speak a bit
different."
Copy !req
941. The other said:
"They could be from Rio.
Copy !req
942. People from Rio have an accent,
don't they, Lieutenant?"
Copy !req
943. I said, "They sounded normal."
"They talked normal like?
Copy !req
944. You understood them?"
"Of course", I did.
Copy !req
945. After
Copy !req
946. he said: "So now you show us where
the guns are."
Copy !req
947. I said: "There be only 2 farmers
who have those.
Copy !req
948. A gentleman from the
Bento Velho mill,
Copy !req
949. and Lourival Pedrosa
from the Gameleira mill.
Copy !req
950. He has a lot. He's a big-time farmer.
He's a trouble-maker."
Copy !req
951. He said: "Ah, so that one's his.
Copy !req
952. I want to see yours here
'cause Juliao said there was.
Copy !req
953. 20,000 guns for you to start a
revolution, d'you hear?
Copy !req
954. And the communists were filming
here for the revolution."
Copy !req
955. Then he started getting mad.
Copy !req
956. I said: "There's no Cubans or
communists around here.
Copy !req
957. There's people dying of hunger
and ailments, like I am.
Copy !req
958. People round here need food
and medicines
Copy !req
959. freedom and land to work on."
Copy !req
960. Then he said:
"No! Tomorrow I'll bring medicines.
Copy !req
961. Call the people hidden out there.
Copy !req
962. So we can prescribe some medicine
and have a talk.
Copy !req
963. Go call Joao Virginio."
Copy !req
964. I said: "I don't know where he is."
Copy !req
965. I gave myself up.
I spent 7 days hidden.
Copy !req
966. Unable to go anywhere.
So I gave myself up.
Copy !req
967. When I spent...
Copy !req
968. 8 days in the 4th Army...
Copy !req
969. On April 15th, when the
Government took over...
Copy !req
970. Castelo Branco...
they took me to the Police.
Copy !req
971. I had to make a statement.
Copy !req
972. Two cops beat me up.
Copy !req
973. Two other leaders were arrested
the first half of April.
Copy !req
974. Zeze da Galilea,
freed after 3 months.
Copy !req
975. Severino Gomes da Silva, Rosario,
Zeze's adopted son
Copy !req
976. who was in jail for 45 days.
Copy !req
977. I produced here
Copy !req
978. half a truck of goods a week.
Copy !req
979. The Army got me
and threw me in jail.
Copy !req
980. I was blinded in one eye.
Copy !req
981. I lost the hearing in one ear.
Copy !req
982. Another beating and my heart went.
Copy !req
983. I spent 6 years in jail.
Copy !req
984. What good did I do for Brazil
behind bars?
Copy !req
985. They took my watch, my belt
Copy !req
986. and my money.
Copy !req
987. They took my jeep.
It's behind City Hall in Victoria
Copy !req
988. at the police station.
They never gave it back.
Copy !req
989. Call that revolution? Put me in jail,
my kids left hungry?
Copy !req
990. They took a car, my papers,
everything.
Copy !req
991. Why should the Army do this to me?
Copy !req
992. Better to have me shot than do that.
Copy !req
993. I got even more angry than I was.
Copy !req
994. Leaving my kids to starve and me
beaten up in jail.
Copy !req
995. I spent a day in a tank full of shit.
Copy !req
996. Turds this big, and soup and piss up to
my waist.
Copy !req
997. I tiny space, and me...
Copy !req
998. I spent one hour like this,
another like this...
Copy !req
999. I stood up for 24 hours.
Only the devil can bear it!
Copy !req
1000. Standing up for 24 hours
in a tank of shit.
Copy !req
1001. Only Satan... I don't believe...
Copy !req
1002. I'm alive, because
I never saw a spirit like me
Copy !req
1003. bear it, even so many electric shocks.
Copy !req
1004. There's nothing better than days with
a night in between.
Copy !req
1005. Our Lord Jesus Christ will protect us.
Copy !req
1006. God's grace is continually upon us.
Copy !req
1007. I trust in God, because this misery...
Copy !req
1008. One day the people got to realize
who they are.
Copy !req
1009. We can't stay trampled on for ever.
Copy !req
1010. Condemned to 10 and a half years
in jail
Copy !req
1011. Joao Virginio was released in 1970
Copy !req
1012. after serving 6 years
of his sentence.
Copy !req
1013. The Recife Penitentiary was turned
into a cultural center
Copy !req
1014. in 1976.
Copy !req
1015. On April 3rd, 1964, a week before
Joao Virginio's arrest
Copy !req
1016. Elizabeth left Galilea with
the film crew
Copy !req
1017. and went to Recife.
Copy !req
1018. Unable to return to Sape or stay
in Recife
Copy !req
1019. she decided to go to Manoel
Serafim's house in Jaboatao.
Copy !req
1020. The direction assistant, Vladimir
Carvalho, took her there.
Copy !req
1021. She changed her name to Marta
Copy !req
1022. and pretended to be Manoel's
sister-in-law.
Copy !req
1023. She stayed indoors always.
Copy !req
1024. 2 months later, she gave herself
up to Paraiba's authorities.
Copy !req
1025. - Did they treat you well?
- Yes. The Army treated me well.
Copy !req
1026. They asked you about Cuba?
Copy !req
1027. - Yes.
- What did you say?
Copy !req
1028. I said I'd gone to visit my son there
Copy !req
1029. who had gone with a grant
Copy !req
1030. from the government there
Copy !req
1031. and the government had sent me
an invitation
Copy !req
1032. to visit my son.
Copy !req
1033. That's why I went to Cuba.
Copy !req
1034. Did they accuse you of squatting
or anything?
Copy !req
1035. I didn't know about squatting.
Copy !req
1036. It must mean a falling out of
owner and tenant.
Copy !req
1037. Because no owner wants
a tenant to have rights.
Copy !req
1038. He wants him bound and gagged.
Copy !req
1039. So the tenants has to see to his
own problems.
Copy !req
1040. After 4 months in jail,
Elizabeth went back to Sape.
Copy !req
1041. She went to her father's where
her children were.
Copy !req
1042. Then the persecution came.
Copy !req
1043. The police came to get me again.
Copy !req
1044. - At your father's?
- Yes. So the police came
Copy !req
1045. to get me again to take me away.
Copy !req
1046. I could be tortured or even killed.
Copy !req
1047. I thought about it and
asked my Dad.
Copy !req
1048. I said: "Dad, I can't go with so
many policemen.
Copy !req
1049. Since they say
they're friends of yours
Copy !req
1050. tell them to go away
Copy !req
1051. and I'll go there tomorrow."
Copy !req
1052. I was sick.
Dad spoke to Colonel Luiz de Barros
Copy !req
1053. and said I couldn't go
Copy !req
1054. but guaranteed I'd go there next day.
Copy !req
1055. So they took his word
for it that I'd go.
Copy !req
1056. Next day I couldn't.
I got the car and said I'd go
Copy !req
1057. but I couldn't.
I knew I'd be tortured.
Copy !req
1058. Or even killed like Alfredo
and the kid.
Copy !req
1059. In September, 1964,
just before Elizabeth's release
Copy !req
1060. Joao Alfredo Dias and
Copy !req
1061. Pedro Inacio de Araujo,
founders of the Sape League
Copy !req
1062. disappeared after leaving prison.
Copy !req
1063. They were never found.
Copy !req
1064. 3 days later
Copy !req
1065. a paper told that 2 mutilated corpses
Copy !req
1066. had been found on a road in Paraiba.
Copy !req
1067. The paper said they were victims
of the Death Squad.
Copy !req
1068. The bodies were never identified.
Copy !req
1069. Your parents helped you
all this time?
Copy !req
1070. Don't even know if they're alive.
Copy !req
1071. - I don't even know.
- Why didn't he help you?
Copy !req
1072. I really don't know.
Copy !req
1073. Maybe he doesn't have our address.
Copy !req
1074. Didn't he help to bring up the kids?
Copy !req
1075. Yes. He raised two of my brothers.
Copy !req
1076. He raised two of them?
Copy !req
1077. We've never told where we are.
Copy !req
1078. Going to say now?
Copy !req
1079. - Right.
- From now on...
Copy !req
1080. From now on we tell everything.
Copy !req
1081. Makes things easier.
Copy !req
1082. I want to find the rest of the family.
I'm going to try.
Copy !req
1083. Why did you choose to keep
Carlos especially?
Copy !req
1084. Well, you see...
Copy !req
1085. Dad didn't want him 'cause he
found him like Joao Pedro.
Copy !req
1086. - He said he wouldn't have him.
- Is he like him?
Copy !req
1087. Yes, he is.
Copy !req
1088. In 1962 the persecution spread
wider.
Copy !req
1089. 3 months after Joao Pedro's
assassination
Copy !req
1090. Paulo Pedro, one of his sons,
was mysteriously attacked.
Copy !req
1091. What happened to Paulo?
What was the attack?
Copy !req
1092. That was...
Copy !req
1093. a thug on orders from
big landowners...
Copy !req
1094. The same ones that murdered
Joao Pedro.
Copy !req
1095. - What did they do?
- They shot him...
Copy !req
1096. They shot him in the forehead,
in the fields.
Copy !req
1097. - Bad hurt?
- He got hurt bad.
Copy !req
1098. I don't know if he's still alive.
Copy !req
1099. - Never saw him again?
- Never.
Copy !req
1100. - Don't know where he is?
- No, I don't.
Copy !req
1101. Never heard any news.
Copy !req
1102. What happened to your
daughter, Marluce?
Copy !req
1103. She poisoned herself and died.
Copy !req
1104. - Was she so upset?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1105. She said that since her father
was killed
Copy !req
1106. she hadn't had a single day
of happiness.
Copy !req
1107. She was always upset.
Copy !req
1108. She said she felt so sad...
Copy !req
1109. that it got to such a point.
Copy !req
1110. In December, 1962, 8 months
after Joao Pedro's death
Copy !req
1111. the eldest daughter, Marluce,
took arsenic and died.
Copy !req
1112. WAS 18
Copy !req
1113. When did you meet your first brother?
Copy !req
1114. I met him in 1978.
Copy !req
1115. That's when I went to Patos.
Copy !req
1116. In Patos I looked for him.
Copy !req
1117. - Abraham?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1118. - You don't know the other eight?
- I don't know any of them.
Copy !req
1119. How are you known here?
Copy !req
1120. I'm known here as Marta Maria
da Costa. Even legally.
Copy !req
1121. Why did you choose Marta.
Copy !req
1122. It sounded like a martyr...
Copy !req
1123. The name of someone who
has suffered, like me.
Copy !req
1124. But after this film you'll go back
to the world, won't you?
Copy !req
1125. Yes. I'll go back to the world.
Copy !req
1126. The neighbors know...
Copy !req
1127. The neighbors,
everyone knows who I am.
Copy !req
1128. Now I'll see my friends,
Copy !req
1129. find my kids, my parents...
Copy !req
1130. Will you visit your parents?
Copy !req
1131. Yes, and especially my kids
out there.
Copy !req
1132. I know they're out there
and I must find them. Right?
Copy !req
1133. The first week of April, 1964,
Copy !req
1134. 8 of Elizabeth's children were
rounded up
Copy !req
1135. and shared out among
grandparents and aunts.
Copy !req
1136. Abraham stayed in the capital
to study.
Copy !req
1137. Isaac was in Cuba since 1963 with
a government grant.
Copy !req
1138. 15 days after my meeting
with Elizabeth
Copy !req
1139. I went to Sape to retrace the past.
Copy !req
1140. A few miles from the town,
where he was killed
Copy !req
1141. there was a stone monument
and an iron cross
Copy !req
1142. and a bronze plaque in his memory,
blown up in 1964.
Copy !req
1143. The plaque said:
Copy !req
1144. "Here lies Joao Pedro Teixeira,
martyr for agrarian reform".
Copy !req
1145. Actually, Joao Pedro is buried in
Sape Cemetery
Copy !req
1146. in an unmarked grave.
Copy !req
1147. Joao Pedro was born in the
nearby town of Guarabira
Copy !req
1148. and lost his father early on.
Copy !req
1149. Little is known about his youth.
Copy !req
1150. Not even a photo is left of
Joao Pedro alive.
Copy !req
1151. The house he lived his last years
in seems abandoned.
Copy !req
1152. After the founding
of the Sape League
Copy !req
1153. Elizabeth's father, Manoel da
Costa, a small landowner
Copy !req
1154. quarrelled with Joao Pedro and
sold the farm.
Copy !req
1155. Threatened with eviction,
Joao Pedro went to Court
Copy !req
1156. for the right to live there or
receive compensation.
Copy !req
1157. After his death Elizabeth stayed
but cut her father.
Copy !req
1158. In 1981, 17 years after her escape
Copy !req
1159. her children didn't know where
she was hidden.
Copy !req
1160. Nor if she was dead or alive.
Copy !req
1161. Near Joao Pedro's house we
looked for his daughter
Copy !req
1162. Near Joao Pedro's house we
looked for his daughter
Copy !req
1163. Maria das Neves Teixeira,
or Nevinha.
Copy !req
1164. We only knew she was married
and was a teacher nearby
Copy !req
1165. the place where Joao Pedro
was killed.
Copy !req
1166. How long is it since you saw
your mother?
Copy !req
1167. A long time.
Copy !req
1168. 15... maybe 12 years.
Copy !req
1169. Do you miss her?
Copy !req
1170. Of course... She's my Mom.
Copy !req
1171. And your brothers,
Abraham and Carlos?
Copy !req
1172. We haven't seen either of them.
Copy !req
1173. The others are nearer.
Copy !req
1174. Did you know you father?
Copy !req
1175. Yes. I was 6 or 7 when he died.
Copy !req
1176. - Do you remember him?
- Not much.
Copy !req
1177. - Your daughter?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1178. - What's her name?
- Juliana Elizabeth Teixeira...
Copy !req
1179. - You called her Elizabeth?
- Juliana Elizabeth.
Copy !req
1180. - Why Elizabeth?
- My mother's name.
Copy !req
1181. How can we see Peta, your brother?
Copy !req
1182. At my grandfather's,
by the flour house. Know it?
Copy !req
1183. Would your grandpa welcome a visit?
Copy !req
1184. Well, he's a bit funny about
this sort of thing.
Copy !req
1185. The other day...
Copy !req
1186. some people came in a car.
I don't know if they were...
Copy !req
1187. cattle rustlers, or something.
Copy !req
1188. I know they came everyday,
every week.
Copy !req
1189. He was quite... many people
round here thought that...
Copy !req
1190. Elizabeth might try to kill him.
Copy !req
1191. A lot of people thought so.
So, he got it into his head
Copy !req
1192. that she wanted to kill him
or steal something.
Copy !req
1193. I know people did try...
cattle rustlers, I think.
Copy !req
1194. Manoel Justino and
Joao Pedro Teixeira Jr
Copy !req
1195. agreed to be filmed.
Copy !req
1196. Elizabeth's father chickened out
and went back in.
Copy !req
1197. - Your grandpa brought you up?
- Since I was little.
Copy !req
1198. He brought the whole family here.
Copy !req
1199. Then one uncle took one,
another took another.
Copy !req
1200. Everyone raised the family.
We'd have died otherwise.
Copy !req
1201. Because 12 children in one house...
Copy !req
1202. hungry... If it hadn't been
for the family...
Copy !req
1203. Everybody took someone
and 3 stayed at home.
Copy !req
1204. I'm still here.
2 girls went to Rio.
Copy !req
1205. We are alive thanks to the family.
Copy !req
1206. Even so I'm not mad at my mother.
I'll see her any time.
Copy !req
1207. I'll go wherever she is.
Copy !req
1208. - Got a picture of your Dad?
- No, I haven't.
Copy !req
1209. Nor of my mother.
I can't remember anything.
Copy !req
1210. I was 4 years old.
Copy !req
1211. - You were 2 when your father died.
- No. I was 4.
Copy !req
1212. I was born in 1960.
They killed him in 1964.
Copy !req
1213. - No. He died in 1962.
- He died... in '64.
Copy !req
1214. I was little.
I can't remember.
Copy !req
1215. You built his tomb again?
Copy !req
1216. People destroyed it.
I'm the only one here...
Copy !req
1217. as his son.
I said, I'll raise his cross because
Copy !req
1218. they can't do that.
I can make another.
Copy !req
1219. I said I would make one
because I remember him.
Copy !req
1220. I knew where the place was.
Copy !req
1221. So I made one again.
Copy !req
1222. I lit a candle and all that.
Copy !req
1223. Why wouldn't Manoel have his
photo taken?
Copy !req
1224. Because an old man thinks
like the kids.
Copy !req
1225. We eventually persuaded him to
come out and talk.
Copy !req
1226. You never got on with
Joao Pedro, did you?
Copy !req
1227. No. I didn't ask him.
He came.
Copy !req
1228. I gave him some advice but
he wouldn't listen.
Copy !req
1229. - So you never got on with him?
- Never.
Copy !req
1230. - But he was a good husband?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1231. He became my enemy.
He said if I went...
Copy !req
1232. if I set foot there he'd give me
a good hiding.
Copy !req
1233. - Who said that?
- Her husband did.
Copy !req
1234. He said I'd better not meddle
with things.
Copy !req
1235. I'd better get back to work.
Copy !req
1236. Elizabeth's father never once said
the name Joao Pedro.
Copy !req
1237. Still active at 84
Copy !req
1238. Manoel has a small flour mill
Copy !req
1239. and goes everyday to buy wood
and manioc, at nearby farms.
Copy !req
1240. Joao Pedro Jr help him as a driver.
Copy !req
1241. On this road, further ahead
Copy !req
1242. on Manoel's land,
Joao Pedro was killed.
Copy !req
1243. Elizabeth used to come by here
Copy !req
1244. to head demonstrations to her
husband's memorial.
Copy !req
1245. Caxias, Greater Rio de Janeiro.
Copy !req
1246. October, 1981.
Copy !req
1247. 8 months after Elizabeth's
declarations.
Copy !req
1248. - Is Marta in?
- That's me.
Copy !req
1249. - I'm a friend of...
- My mother.
Copy !req
1250. - Your mother's. Did you know?
- More or less.
Copy !req
1251. Is there light here?
Copy !req
1252. This is your brother, Carlos.
Copy !req
1253. - Do you remember him?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1254. We went to see her
in Rio Grande do Norte.
Copy !req
1255. Here she is washing clothes in
the river.
Copy !req
1256. She sent you a big hug.
Copy !req
1257. She's coming to see you.
Copy !req
1258. She's got to get your brothers.
Copy !req
1259. Carlos...
Copy !req
1260. Abraham.
Carlos and your mother.
Copy !req
1261. I remember her well.
Copy !req
1262. This is on film.
Copy !req
1263. - When did you come to Rio?
- I came here in 1971.
Copy !req
1264. - And never went back?
- I went there about 5 years ago.
Copy !req
1265. Do you hear from the people
in Sape?
Copy !req
1266. - No.
- Don't they write?
Copy !req
1267. It's me that...
Copy !req
1268. - You don't say where you are?
- I cut myself off.
Copy !req
1269. - Why?
- You see, the family...
Copy !req
1270. When you most need them
Copy !req
1271. that's when they didn't help.
Especially my brother.
Copy !req
1272. I'm not mad at them.
But when I most needed them
Copy !req
1273. they didn't help. Especially my
maternal grandparents.
Copy !req
1274. - They didn't help you?
- No.
Copy !req
1275. And they have some money,
don't they?
Copy !req
1276. The family does,
except my mother.
Copy !req
1277. - Any grudge against your mother?
- No. Even though she gave me...
Copy !req
1278. Even before I was born she gave
me to my grandmother.
Copy !req
1279. - Why did she do that?
- I really don't know.
Copy !req
1280. We were 12
Copy !req
1281. but she only gave me away.
Copy !req
1282. Not even...
Copy !req
1283. - You remember your father?
- Yes, I do.
Copy !req
1284. I adored him.
Not just because he was killed.
Copy !req
1285. I adore my mother too.
I bear no grudge... really.
Copy !req
1286. I adore her. When she comes...
Copy !req
1287. Will you now go back to the world?
Will you see everybody again?
Copy !req
1288. Yes. I will go back to the world.
The neighbors know now...
Copy !req
1289. Everyone knows I'm in
Rio Grande do Norte.
Copy !req
1290. I'll get in touch with my friends,
Copy !req
1291. find my kids, my parents...
Copy !req
1292. - Will you visit your parents?
- Yes,
Copy !req
1293. and especially because of my
children.
Copy !req
1294. I know they're out there. I've got
to get to know them.
Copy !req
1295. - The neighbors didn't know?
- They knew nothing.
Copy !req
1296. Dad thinks I'm overseas or dead.
Copy !req
1297. - Why did you come here?
- For work.
Copy !req
1298. - Where did you work?
- I worked...
Copy !req
1299. I forget the name of the street.
Here in Caxias.
Copy !req
1300. I was pregnant when I came.
Copy !req
1301. My firstborn's now 10.
Copy !req
1302. - You came with him?
- I was pregnant.
Copy !req
1303. - He was born here?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1304. I was well-off at the beginning.
Copy !req
1305. I even had a car, jewelry,
everything.
Copy !req
1306. Then the man I was living with...
You went there...
Copy !req
1307. Manoel Alves in Felizardo Fortes St,
number 66.
Copy !req
1308. I lived with him for 10 years.
I have 3 kids by him.
Copy !req
1309. Then he acted up. We couldn't go
on with it.
Copy !req
1310. We separated and I came here
penniless.
Copy !req
1311. But, it doesn't matter.
Copy !req
1312. - And the children?
- I have 4.
Copy !req
1313. Santa Clara Faculty of Medicine.
Copy !req
1314. Capital of the province of
Las Villas in Cuba.
Copy !req
1315. December, 1981.
Copy !req
1316. Isaac Teixeira is in the 5th year of
Medicine.
Copy !req
1317. Film shot at our request by a
Cuban film crew.
Copy !req
1318. What I remember about Brazil
and my father's struggles
Copy !req
1319. is that it was about 20 years ago.
Copy !req
1320. At that time
the peasant leagues began
Copy !req
1321. and my father had to...
Copy !req
1322. was committed to working in the
Northeast
Copy !req
1323. where he founded
Copy !req
1324. and worked for the Sape League.
Copy !req
1325. I think he was a pioneer
Copy !req
1326. of the peasant leagues.
Copy !req
1327. And it had great repercussions.
Copy !req
1328. His struggle and his death...
Copy !req
1329. Everyone
Copy !req
1330. thinks highly of a peasant
Copy !req
1331. a simple man dedicating his life
Copy !req
1332. to the struggle of the Brazilian
people.
Copy !req
1333. Jose Eudes.
Do you know him?
Copy !req
1334. Yes, I do.
Copy !req
1335. - Could you call him?
- Certainly. Follow me.
Copy !req
1336. He's the watchman here, right?
Copy !req
1337. You from Educational TV or from
Globo Network?
Copy !req
1338. No. Movies. It's a report but for
a film.
Copy !req
1339. By Avenida Brasil, Rio de Janeiro.
Copy !req
1340. The warehouse of an engineering
company.
Copy !req
1341. May, 1982. 1 year and 3 months
after filming Elizabeth.
Copy !req
1342. - Who's Mr Coutinho? Excuse me.
- It's me, it's me.
Copy !req
1343. Only you come in. I want to talk
to you.
Copy !req
1344. Pleased to meet you. Jose Eudes.
Copy !req
1345. Only he comes in. Excuse me.
Copy !req
1346. I want to talk to him in private.
Copy !req
1347. Take it, please.
Copy !req
1348. After a long talk and a few
demands
Copy !req
1349. Jose Eudes Teixeira agreed to be
filmed. But outside.
Copy !req
1350. - Do you remember your parents?
- No.
Copy !req
1351. No.
Copy !req
1352. Who raised you?
Copy !req
1353. An uncle who I call Dad.
His name's Eudes.
Copy !req
1354. He's my uncle, but I call him Dad.
Copy !req
1355. You were 4 when your father
died?
Copy !req
1356. - And you remember nothing?
- Nothing.
Copy !req
1357. Honestly, I can't remember
anything.
Copy !req
1358. But you remember your mother?
You were 6 in 1964.
Copy !req
1359. No. I don't remember her.
Copy !req
1360. I know her from these photos.
I didn't recognize her.
Copy !req
1361. - Would you like to see her?
- I miss her very much.
Copy !req
1362. When I got her first letter, I cried.
Copy !req
1363. I couldn't remember her.
Copy !req
1364. I called mother the aunt who
raised me.
Copy !req
1365. I still consider her my mother.
Copy !req
1366. My mother had to disappear
when they killed my father...
Copy !req
1367. so none of us were baptized.
Copy !req
1368. So my godparents baptized me
and brought me up.
Copy !req
1369. I have 4 brothers I don't know.
Copy !req
1370. Paulo, Abraham, Isaac...
Copy !req
1371. and Carlos.
I don't know Carlos either.
Copy !req
1372. - Don't you know Paulo?
- No.
Copy !req
1373. - Why?
- Because... Paulo...
Copy !req
1374. When I was there he went to
Nazare da Mata with my uncle.
Copy !req
1375. So I never knew him either.
Copy !req
1376. - What does he do now?
- He's a driver for a company.
Copy !req
1377. And he's married.
Copy !req
1378. My brother went to his place.
Copy !req
1379. He said Paulo is upset with the
whole family thing.
Copy !req
1380. He said he drinks a lot and is very
angry.
Copy !req
1381. Me too... I used to live with
a woman
Copy !req
1382. and she said: "You're different
from everyone else."
Copy !req
1383. I don't know... Sometimes I just
don't speak to anyone.
Copy !req
1384. My family history makes me so
angry.
Copy !req
1385. Olaria, a district of Rio de Janeiro.
Copy !req
1386. Film shot on the same day as
Jose Eudes. May, 1982.
Copy !req
1387. Does Mrs Marinez live here?
Copy !req
1388. Yes, but I don't know if she's in.
Copy !req
1389. Could you see for me, please?
Copy !req
1390. Pity. The window's closed.
Copy !req
1391. - What? Like this?
- No. It's very simple.
Copy !req
1392. - How are you?
- Fine.
Copy !req
1393. - How lovely. What's his name?
- Rodrigo. And Elana.
Copy !req
1394. - Are they both yours?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1395. - How long have you been in Rio?
- 7 years.
Copy !req
1396. Why did you come? Why did you
move?
Copy !req
1397. - Marta sent for me.
- Did she?
Copy !req
1398. I lived with an uncle.
She sent for me.
Copy !req
1399. - You remember your mother?
- No, have never seen.
Copy !req
1400. I've only seen her in one of
Marta's photos.
Copy !req
1401. - Don't you remember your father?
- Never seen him.
Copy !req
1402. - You were 8 months old...
- 3 months.
Copy !req
1403. - Would you like to see her?
- Of course.
Copy !req
1404. - Or do you feel hurt?
- Hurt? No.
Copy !req
1405. Not at all.
Copy !req
1406. - Did she write to you?
- Yes. She's written twice.
Copy !req
1407. This is the first one.
Copy !req
1408. Would you read a bit?
Copy !req
1409. You say you don't know where
you came from.
Copy !req
1410. You came from the love between
me and your father.
Copy !req
1411. Of course I'm so glad you're coming.
Copy !req
1412. I asked her if I could go
and see her.
Copy !req
1413. That's what I want, to meet
Copy !req
1414. all my children
Copy !req
1415. and be with you all. Thanks
to the political liberalization
Copy !req
1416. I can now see all my children again.
Copy !req
1417. I wasn't able to live with,
raise and love you.
Copy !req
1418. Destiny was against it. It must be
as God wills.
Copy !req
1419. But I shall be
Copy !req
1420. so happy just to have one day go
get all my children
Copy !req
1421. together again.
Copy !req
1422. The filming we did in St Rafael
Copy !req
1423. in February, 1981
Copy !req
1424. meant the end of Elizabeth's
reclusion.
Copy !req
1425. After she was filmed, she was no
longer Marta
Copy !req
1426. but Elizabeth once again.
Copy !req
1427. - You take in washing, Elizabeth?
- Yes.
Copy !req
1428. What else do you earn a living?
Copy !req
1429. Washing dishes in a bar.
Copy !req
1430. And I teach the kids.
Copy !req
1431. - 4 times 1.
- 4.
Copy !req
1432. - 4 times 2.
- 8.
Copy !req
1433. - 4 times 3.
- 12.
Copy !req
1434. - 4 times 4.
- 16.
Copy !req
1435. - 4 times 5.
- 20.
Copy !req
1436. - 4 times 6.
- 24.
Copy !req
1437. - 4 times 7.
- 28.
Copy !req
1438. - 4 times 8.
- 32.
Copy !req
1439. The neighbors knew nothing.
Copy !req
1440. What was their reaction?
Copy !req
1441. They looked for photos, tried to
find out who I was.
Copy !req
1442. I said I lived in Recife and worked
Copy !req
1443. as a maid,
that it hadn't worked out
Copy !req
1444. and I had moved to the backlands.
That's what I told them.
Copy !req
1445. - Are they glad to know now?
- Yes, they are.
Copy !req
1446. Did you enjoy the film about
Elizabeth?
Copy !req
1447. It's very important because
Marta...
Copy !req
1448. I mean Elizabeth,
had a very sad past.
Copy !req
1449. Many things were really very sad.
Copy !req
1450. Now you know, has she changed?
Copy !req
1451. She's the same old Elizabeth,
my friend.
Copy !req
1452. Who else wants to speak?
Copy !req
1453. When she arrived here
Copy !req
1454. she was my neighbor first.
Copy !req
1455. We've always been great friends.
Copy !req
1456. My Zorro was her first pupil.
Copy !req
1457. And for me,
she's just like a mother.
Copy !req
1458. Did you think she
only had one child?
Copy !req
1459. - What did you know about her?
- Nothing, when she arrived.
Copy !req
1460. Where did you think she'd come from?
Copy !req
1461. From Jucurutu.
Copy !req
1462. She'd come from Jucurutu.
Copy !req
1463. - Thought she had just one child?
- Yes, I did.
Copy !req
1464. - Are they all your friends?
- Yes. All good friends.
Copy !req
1465. She was my next door neighbor.
Copy !req
1466. We really felt for her and her
suffering.
Copy !req
1467. We say she seemed sort of sad.
Copy !req
1468. But she said nothing except that
her husband
Copy !req
1469. was dead... had been murdered,
and she had other children.
Copy !req
1470. But that she never saw them.
Copy !req
1471. We saw something awful had
happened to her.
Copy !req
1472. We wished her happiness since
she is such a nice person.
Copy !req
1473. We're going to miss her.
Copy !req
1474. RURAL WORKER'S UNION OF
Copy !req
1475. He's the Union chairman.
Copy !req
1476. We talked a lot
Copy !req
1477. about the Union
Copy !req
1478. and its present activities.
Copy !req
1479. We also talked about the people
in Vale do Azu
Copy !req
1480. and how they'll be compensated
Copy !req
1481. when they have to leave.
Copy !req
1482. He knows more about it as he's
the Chairman.
Copy !req
1483. St Rafael is a dying town.
Copy !req
1484. The National Department Against
Drought
Copy !req
1485. is carrying out an irrigation
scheme
Copy !req
1486. and is building a dam.
Copy !req
1487. The water will cover the whole area.
Copy !req
1488. As they have no deeds, the small
landowners
Copy !req
1489. will receive what they consider
poor compensation.
Copy !req
1490. The local Union is heading the fight.
Copy !req
1491. Elizabeth helps you?
Copy !req
1492. She advises me from what she
has suffered
Copy !req
1493. and I advise her.
We've talked a lot about it.
Copy !req
1494. Did you know she was Elizabeth?
Copy !req
1495. - Yes, I knew.
- For how long?
Copy !req
1496. For about a year, since we got to
know each other better.
Copy !req
1497. - Did you know who Joao Pedro was?
- Certainly.
Copy !req
1498. - Who was he?
- A great leader.
Copy !req
1499. - Where from?
- From Paraiba. From Sape.
Copy !req
1500. She telling me about what she
went through...
Copy !req
1501. and me backing her up...
Copy !req
1502. I understood what all persecuted
Union leaders suffer
Copy !req
1503. from landowners and the
authorities in Brazil.
Copy !req
1504. Well, let's get our things together
Copy !req
1505. and say goodbye.
Copy !req
1506. I thought I'd never see you again
and our friends.
Copy !req
1507. But now... I see my house...
Copy !req
1508. old friends visit me...
Copy !req
1509. and that's really wonderful for me.
Copy !req
1510. I never gave in,
never gave up the struggle.
Copy !req
1511. What I did was the only way.
Copy !req
1512. We must thank our President
Copy !req
1513. for giving us the honor to be able
Copy !req
1514. to talk and speak and see our
children and parents
Copy !req
1515. and all our relatives.
Copy !req
1516. You really caught me close
to tears. I'm really moved...
Copy !req
1517. It was 16 years. Abraham hadn't
been here.
Copy !req
1518. Never had the chance.
Copy !req
1519. I was moved.
Copy !req
1520. I never expected it.
Copy !req
1521. He called up and said he was
coming.
Copy !req
1522. The girl heard and said he was
coming with
Copy !req
1523. another brother, then Carlos,
3 brothers coming.
Copy !req
1524. When he got here he said:
"Carlos is here."
Copy !req
1525. "No, Mom, Coutinho's here and
the reporter people."
Copy !req
1526. I said, "I wonder what's happening."
I was... really moved.
Copy !req
1527. - Was the report good?
- Yes, very good.
Copy !req
1528. I'm sorry I couldn't help.
I can't help, but...
Copy !req
1529. it certainly touched me.
Copy !req
1530. - See you soon.
- Are you really going?
Copy !req
1531. - Yes, we must be going.
- I hope everything was OK.
Copy !req
1532. The fight goes on. The same
needs as in 1964
Copy !req
1533. are still with us.
They haven't budged.
Copy !req
1534. The workman, the peasant,
the student have the same needs.
Copy !req
1535. The fight goes on while there is
hunger and poor wages.
Copy !req
1536. Who wouldn't fight for better
days? You must fight.
Copy !req
1537. Whoever has the good life,
let him keep out of it.
Copy !req
1538. I have suffered, I have to fight
and I dare to say
Copy !req
1539. the regime must be changed.
We must fight while
Copy !req
1540. this so-called democracy,
this hunger exists.
Copy !req
1541. - Democracy without freedom...
- Wages of hunger and misery?
Copy !req
1542. While workmen's sons have no
right to study.
Copy !req
1543. Like now, when I...
Copy !req
1544. when the kids pay I don't know what.
But no one can.
Copy !req
1545. A month later Elizabeth left
St Rafael to live in Patos
Copy !req
1546. with Abraham and Carlos.
Copy !req
1547. Until June 1983, when this text
was written
Copy !req
1548. Elizabeth had only seen
2 of her other 8 children:
Copy !req
1549. Nevinha and Joao Pedro Jr,
in Sape.
Copy !req
1550. We last filmed Joao Virginio in his
yard
Copy !req
1551. on Carnival Sunday, 1981.
Copy !req
1552. 10 months later he died of a
heart attack in the same place.
Copy !req
1553. He was buried in Victoria
cemetery
Copy !req
1554. next to Zeze from Galilea.
Copy !req
1555. 1964 Crew
Copy !req
1556. 1981-83 Crew
Copy !req
1557. Translation revised by
Carlos Roberto de Souza
Copy !req
1558. Translation coordination
Copy !req