1. "Terror strikes in an advanced nuclear power station.
Can the Doctor avert a holocaust?" (Radio Times)
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2. This episode was first shown on 9 October 1976.
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3. It was seen by 10.2 million viewers,
a little down on the week before.
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4. "We can't call our alien an Omegan,"
Robert Holmes told the authors
apropos of their first version of 'The Hand of Fear',
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5. "because Omega was a sort of king of a black hole
and appeared some three seasons ago."
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6. So he did, in 'The Three Doctors',
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7. and Bob Baker and Dave Martin
wrote that script too.
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8. In the draft script,
the hand doesn't grow its finger back straightaway.
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9. It sits there in its box, four-fingered,
vibrating and issuing psychic orders.
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10. But the script also called for it
to move in a spider-like way,
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11. so, to make the effect practical, it was decided
to restore the finger as soon as it comes back to life.
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12. In the script, the guards are disturbed to realise
they're walking into a nuclear emergency.
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13. The voice on the loudspeaker
belongs to Rex Robinson -
who is also on screen playing Dr Carter.
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14. Sarah is "listening to the hand", says the script.
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15. This episode was recorded on 6 July,
the day after Part 1.
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16. The flies in the studio hadn't gone away overnight.
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17. Here one lands on Professor Watson's forehead,
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18. but the actor carries on regardless,
and the shot is saved!
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19. The Nunton Director was considered to
be one of the serial's two starring roles
(other than the Doctor and Sarah, of course).
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20. Fourteen very distinguished actors were considered
for the part, including several members
of the Royal Shakespeare Company,
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21. one of whom later became
a major star on American television.
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22. The character was not deemed to be
of any particular age:
The youngest actor considered was 34,
and the oldest was 60.
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23. Top of the short-list was Glyn Houston (born 1926),
who accepted the role.
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24. His solid, dependable demeanour
meant that he was often cast as policemen.
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25. He played them in films and series
ranging from Tiger Bay (1959)
To One Way Pendulum (1964),
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26. Gideon's Way (1965) to
Girl in a Black Bikini (1967),
Softly Softly (1967-9) and Z Cars (1970)
To Robin's Nest (1977).
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27. One of his earliest appearances was
as a barrow boy in The Blue Lamp (1950),
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28. the film which spawned Dixon of Dock Green
(in which he appeared six times
between 1958 and 1974).
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29. His Welsh origins gave him
his first television leading role,
in How Green was My Valley (1960).
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30. In the 1970s he was best known
as the loyal manservant Bunter
in Lord Peter Wimsey (1972-5).
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31. Bob Baker and Dave Martin often used
the device of a repeated phrase or motto
in the early episodes of their Doctor Who serials.
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32. This serial's catchphrase, "Eldrad must live",
later became its title when it was repackaged
as a TV movie in Canada.
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33. These schematics were not based
on the actual layout of Oldbury.
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34. Researching the original version,
the authors learned that, in an emergency,
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35. a reactor could be shut down in just three seconds.
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36. A roentgen is a unit of exposure to radiation.
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37. In normal conditions,
it would take you about four years
to absorb one roentgen's worth of ambient radiation.
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38. The original version of 'The Hand of Fear'
was abandoned in October 1975.
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39. The authors were sorry
to lose one character in particular:
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40. The entrepreneurial Drax,
"chief mechanic to the Time Lords".
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41. They were eventually able to write him
into their 1979 serial, 'The Armageddon Factor'.
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42. On 9 February 1976, Robert Holmes sent them
a two-page scene by scene outline
for a new version, asking for "a fast draft".
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43. He kept some of their ideas
from the original 'Hand of Fear' scripts,
but the story and structure were entirely new.
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44. Though detailed, he explained,
the outline was not "ironclad":
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45. "It can be changed
whenever the lightning of inspiration strikes."
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46. The new storyline was structured
to give each episode its own distinct identity,
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47. introducing a new metamorphosis
of Eldrad each week,
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48. and with no character (other than the regulars)
Appearing in more than two episodes.
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49. The control room gauges,
seen in the background here,
were made by effects assistant Charlie Lumm.
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50. Rex Robinson (Dr Carter) often worked
with Lennie Mayne, notably on two previous
Doctor Who serials (1972 and 1974).
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51. In the upcoming close-up of the hand,
a modified lunchbox is set on a hardboard rostrum,
with the hand operator underneath.
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52. His wrist disappears
though the open bottom of the box.
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53. Can you see the join?
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54. The original plan was to engage an actor
to play the hand, but in the event the task fell
to a member of the visual effects team.
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55. Miss Jackson's phone call is longer in the script.
Eldrad "could be a person or an organisation,
but probably an individual," she says.
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56. "Religious or political, yes."
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57. In this sequence, the hand is shot
by Camera 5 against a green-screen
"Colour Separation Overlay" background.
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58. Meanwhile, Sarah's feet are on Camera 1.
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59. The green is keyed out, Sarah keyed in,
and here's the result.
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60. The wrench is made of heavyweight foam rubber -
hence the wobble!
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61. In this part of the serial,
the authors are drawing on their original idea
about a nuclear emergency caused by terrorists.
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62. Miss Jackson was originally written
as a nameless male character,
the "Control Assistant".
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63. The other director, Lennie Mayne,
developed the part and gave it to his wife,
Frances Pidgeon (born 1931).
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64. She began her career as a dancer
and glamour model,
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65. and had recently played a nuclear terrorist
in the spy series, Quiller (1975).
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66. In the script, Sarah is "in the experimental
nuclear fission reactor down in Sector Four" -
at ground level, or lower.
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67. The Doctor is climbing upwards
because he's making for the cooling duct,
which vents to the sky.
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68. In the script, he stops to adjust his hat and scarf.
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69. Carter yanks the scarf
and pitches him over the edge of the gantry.
The Doctor is left hanging on by his fingertips.
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70. Stunt arranger Max Faulkner
did the fall in a single take.
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71. "Eldrad must live," says Carter
in the scripted version as he starts to prise open
the Doctor's fingers, one by one.
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72. "So, I'm afraid, must I," replies the Doctor
as he swings one-handed away from Carter,
who misses his grip and plunges to his death.
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73. The emergency notices on the screens
are slides made by Simon McCombie
of the BBC Graphics Department.
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74. They were displayed on the monitors
with a telejector machine,
more commonly used to make the closing credits.
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75. The shot which starts the next scene
was a particularly complicated one:
Beginning with Sarah, the aim was
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76. to pan with the action
as the Doctor enters the scene,
and finish with a two-shot of both characters.
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77. "GOOD LUCK!" said the camera script
to the cameraman.
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78. Two retakes were necessary,
because the visual effects smoke failed to appear.
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79. The sound as the Doctor comes through the grille
was dubbed on from the first, smokeless take.
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80. The composition of the shot
masks the Doctor's punch,
which doesn't really connect with Sarah's jaw.
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81. The writers originally envisaged
the hand shedding its skin as it grows, like a snake.
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82. In the earliest version of the scripts,
the ring isn't dropped here:
Sarah still has it later on.
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83. Watson was scripted to doodle
as he talks to his wife.
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84. He draws a giant sun -
suggesting the nuclear explosion
he expects to engulf him at any moment.
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85. When the emergency's over,
he crumples up the drawing and throws it away.
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86. In the draft scripts, the Director has no name;
he was christened Professor Watson
in pre-production.
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87. One specified feature of his appearance
was dropped: His beard.
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88. This sequence was reshot
because the actors' delivery of the lines
was "too soft" the first time round.
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89. In the studio, Glyn Houston didn't have far to go
from the control room to decontamination.
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90. The decontamination set
was just on the other side of the control room doors,
with a narrow end-on corridor set in between.
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91. In the first 'Hand of Fear', the hand's effect
on radiation was said to be "like a huge piece
of radioactive-sensitive blotting paper".
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92. In drafting the second version, Robert Holmes drew
on sources ranging from horror films
to earlier Doctor Who serials.
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93. He drew particular inspiration
from the Hammer film,
Blood from the Mummy's Tomb (1971).
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94. At the start of the film,
the Egyptian sorceress Tera
is executed by her own people,
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95. just like Eldrad in the previous episode.
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96. The ceremony includes
the severing of Tera's ringed hand,
which then takes on a life of its own,
and is kept in a box.
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97. Just as the solar winds engulf Kastria
once the barriers are down,
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98. so Tera's executioners are destroyed
by a great wind.
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99. Thousands of years later, the heroine of the film
is given the ring for her birthday.
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100. She has an uncanny resemblance to Tera,
and when she puts the ring on,
she is possessed by the dead witch's spirit.
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101. Tera is controlling her
with a view to resurrecting herself -
again, just like Eldrad.
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102. Watch Miss Jackson when she comes back into shot.
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103. The boom mike's shadow crosses her
as it moves to catch the Doctor's lines.
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104. From the first, the serial only ever had one title:
'The Hand of Fear'.
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105. After the event, lapses of memory
got a couple of other titles into circulation:
'The Hand of Time' and 'The Hand of Death'.
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106. These weren't working titles: They were mistakes!
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107. In the script, the hand
is feebly trying to scramble up to the lock.
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108. 'The Hand of Fear' entered pre-production
before the scripts were finished.
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109. The first thing to be done
was to book the rehearsal rooms
in the BBC's Acton rehearsal block.
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110. The booking was made on 16 February,
only a week after Robert Holmes
sent the authors the revised story breakdown.
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111. It carried the usual request:
"Large room preferred
because of large composite sets".
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112. Five different hands of fear were ordered,
representing successive stages of its development,
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113. but Colin Mapson managed to reduce
the requirement to just three.
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114. All of them were based on the same living original,
the right hand of effects assistant Steve Drewett.
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115. One was the fossilised hand
seen in the opening episode.
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116. The other pair of hands were the moving version,
worn like a glove by its operator, Steve Drewett,
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117. and this static, regenerated version
which was cast in solid latex.
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118. The hand was stolen from the studio
during a lunch break,
so some shots had to be deferred
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119. and a replacement prop made
for the second studio block a fortnight later.
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120. In the draft script,
Sarah uses the ring to hypnotise Driscoll.
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121. The scripts were being finalised
as Lennie Mayne and his team began pre-planning.
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122. On Monday 10 May, designer Christine Ruscoe
attended a script meeting to discuss Part 4.
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123. Robert Holmes produced a revised script
for that episode two days later.
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124. Pre-production continued that week
with planning meetings
on the Wednesday and Friday
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125. and a location recce at Oldbury on the Thursday.
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126. In the draft script,
he calls the ring a crystal "thingummy".
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127. In the script, Driscoll's inner voice can be heard
saying "Eldrad must live" as he leaves.
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128. In an earlier version,
the Doctor uses his sonic screwdriver
to hypnotise Sarah.
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129. No wonder she's upset:
This is the third time she's been hypnotised
in two consecutive serials.
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130. The team paid a second planning visit
to Oldbury on 8 June,
the week before filming.
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131. This time, fight arranger Max Faulkner
was in attendance, to plan the stunt fall.
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132. Production began on Monday 14 June.
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133. As usual, there was no formal rehearsal period
before the location filming:
The actors just did the scenes,
though not always as written.
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134. The film unit, including the cast,
numbered 44 people.
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135. The extras and one speaking actor,
Robin Hargrave, were locals.
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136. Most of the others stayed
at the Newport Towers Hotel near Berkeley
during the five-day shoot.
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137. Filming was generally scheduled to start
at 9 a.m. Each morning,
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138. which meant that the actors had to be made up
and in costume, ready to leave the hotel at 8.30.
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139. They were bussed together to the location,
and scheduled to work until 5.30 p.m. Each day.
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140. In practice, filming overran
on each of the first four days.
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141. This exchange was worked out
by the actors in rehearsal.
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142. In the script, the Doctor asks Sarah who Eldrad is,
and she doesn't know.
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143. After spending the first two days
filming at the quarry,
the unit moved on to the power station.
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144. For security reasons, a special parking area
was set aside for use by the BBC coach
and other unit vehicles.
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145. The Wednesday was spent
filming outside the power station,
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146. including Dr Carter's Allegro on the road.
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147. Then, on the Thursday,
it was into Oldbury Nuclear Power Station
itself for a very long day's work.
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148. The unit wasn't ready to leave
until 8.30 that evening.
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149. There were further Oldbury interiors to be shot
on the Friday morning, wrapping at 2 p.m.,
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150. followed by 90 minutes in a Thornbury cul-de-sac
filming Part 4's suburban street scenes.
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151. Filming was completed on schedule at 3.30,
and the unit returned to London.
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152. The cast then had four days off
(Saturday to Tuesday)
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153. Before assembling at Acton
for the first day of rehearsals, 23 June.
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154. Steve Drewett's arm, covered in black material,
is in the back at right angles to the false wrist.
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155. The doors feature
panels of wired Georgian safety glass.
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156. The BBC was safety-conscious
about using glass in sets,
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157. so Christine Ruscoe had to get special permission,
and observe special procedures.
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158. The glass had to be brought to the studio
in its own crate, separately from the rest of the sets,
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159. and was fitted to the doors
by the studio's standby carpenter.
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160. He also had to remove it afterwards before
the rest of the sets could be struck (taken down).
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161. Driscoll is wearing a wig.
(The actor had it fitted on 11 June,
the Friday before filming.)
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162. In the script, the guards open fire
before Driscoll "zizzes" them.
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163. The sound supervisor
originally assigned to this serial
was Ray Angel,
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164. a very experienced sound man
who had worked for the BBC since the 1960s,
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165. with credits including
seven Doctor Who serials (1964-8)
And five Shakespeare plays (1980-4).
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166. Early in pre-production, his availability changed,
and Brian Hiles took over.
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167. In the draft script,
the blast hits a steel girder, not a cabinet.
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168. Rehearsals began with a full-cast read-through
of the draft scripts for all four episodes.
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169. After that, there were eight rehearsal days
leading up to each block of studio recording:
24 June to 3 July and 9 to 17 July.
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170. The cast had a Thursday off
after the first studio block,
but otherwise they rehearsed intensively
for six days a week.
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171. The first few days of each rehearsal period
was spent on "blocking" the script
(that is, planning the actors' moves).
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172. For the next three days they worked the scenes,
leading up to a complete run on the Thursday.
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173. Three more full runs followed:
A technical run on the Friday morning,
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174. a performance for the producer that afternoon,
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175. and a final run-through on the Saturday,
ready for studio on the Monday.
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176. In the draft script, Driscoll locks himself in,
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177. and the Doctor uses the sonic screwdriver
to open the door.
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178. This shot took four takes to get right:
Driscoll was cued too early the first three times.
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179. Here's the episode ending as it was first written:
"The Doctor watches, appalled and powerless,
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180. "as Driscoll walks
into the glowing cauldron of the pile."
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181. Also seen in this episode were:
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182. Michael de Wilde, Barry Summerford,
Robert Lee (Security Guards)
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183. Paul Nicholson, Robert Tucker (Security Guards)
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184. Peter Bush, David Cleeve, Keith Simmons
(Men in Radiation Suits)
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185. Julia Burnett, Bruce Guest (Technicians)
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186. Mark Holmes, Rosemary Jolliffe, Kenneth Thomas
(Technicians)
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187. Douglas Auchterlonie, Margaret Pilleau
(Complex Personnel)
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188. Roger Salter, Lionel Sansby, Sonia Stratton
(Complex Personnel)
20:58,164 —> 00:20:59,563
Driscoll.
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189. Driscoll!
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190. Driscoll!
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191. Driscoll!
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192. - Hello, Professor Watson?
- Yes, Doctor, everything all right?
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193. Shh. Listen, listen, listen! Driscoll's got the hand.
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194. I'm going down after him.
Get out every available man you've got.
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195. And send someone down here.
There's a guard unconscious.
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196. Right away.
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197. Driscoll, stop!
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198. Driscoll, stop!
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199. Doctor!
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200. - You all right?
- Yes, I'm fine.
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201. - Where'd he go?
- He's going to the core. Where else?
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202. - But why? It's all shut down.
- It doesn't make any difference.
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203. That hand could set off a chain reaction.
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204. You two get back to the control room.
I'm going on inside.
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205. All of you, get out as fast as you can.
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206. Come on, get going.
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207. Attention, all staff. Attention, all staff.
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208. Evacuate the complex immediately.
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209. This is an emergency.
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210. Evacuate the complex immediately.
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211. This is not an exercise.
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212. This is an emergency.
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213. - Evacuate the complex immediately.
- Quick, get down.
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214. Emergency. Emergency. This is not an exercise.
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215. Evacuate the complex immediately.
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216. This is not an exercise.
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217. Evacuate the complex immediately.
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