1. "Leela is a prisoner of the phantom.
And the Doctor goes shooting
in London's sewers!"
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2. This episode was first shown
on 12 March 1977, when it was seen
by 10.2 million viewers.
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3. Coming up is a sequence skilfully staged
and edited to suggest
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4. that Leela actually throws a knife
at Mr Sin.
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5. In fact,
the knife never leaves her hand,
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6. and it's already in Sin's neck
at the start of the next shot.
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7. The jaunty tune the Doctor's whistling
is Kenneth Alford's military march
'Colonel Bogey',
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8. which was written in 1914.
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9. Louise Jameson had a shock
when she read in the script
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10. "Leela does a forward roll up
onto the dining table,
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11. Louise promptly phoned the producer
and said, "No, she doesn't!"
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12. And that's why
you're now watching Stuart Fell.
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13. This jump wasn't the only danger
Stuart had to face.
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14. Doctor Who was a programme
predominantly made and crewed by men,
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15. so it wasn't always
a very woman-friendly environment.
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16. A few of the cameramen and electricians
took a "hands-on" approach
to the actresses,
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17. and in Leela's costume, from behind,
Stuart Fell looked just the same
as Louise Jameson,
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18. with consequences
best left to your imagination.
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19. "Do you have to put up with this
all day?" Stuart asked Louise
after suffering a few mistaken gropes.
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20. So why didn't they use
a female stunt double?
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21. Because at this time there were very few
female stunt performers in the business,
and none were available.
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22. But the next stunt was done by a woman.
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23. It's Louise herself
climbing onto the back of the carriage.
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24. Sherlock Holmes also tails a suspect
that way in A Study in Scarlet (1887).
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25. to which the Doctor retorts that
there's a lot of them about:
They're called commuters.
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26. In the script,
the Doctor suggests that the robbers
may have been Chinese art collectors,
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27. or perhaps
the K'ang-hsi vase's real owners.
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28. Philip Hinchcliffe
placed strong emphasis
on making the absurd seem believable,
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29. partly through the strength
of the acting performances,
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30. and partly through the design,
which had to convey the authenticity
of the environment.
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31. but Maloney's preferred
make-up designer, Sylvia James,
proved to be unavailable.
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32. The trapdoor area seen here
is not part of the main cellar set.
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33. It's a small cutaway set
mounted on a rostrum
to enable Chang to descend in vision.
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34. For the role of Weng-Chiang,
David Maloney wanted an
actor with a strong, charismatic voice.
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35. by voicing the disembodied villain in
the previous year's Doctor Who serial
'The Brain of Morbius'.
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36. Maloney also knew Spice's theatre work,
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37. and the actor had extensive experience
in voice and radio work,
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38. including the regular role of Matt Prior
in the 1970s radio soap
Waggoner's Walk.
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39. Spice recognised the character's source
in The Phantom of the Opera,
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40. and this influenced his development
of the role.
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41. He played Weng-Chiang partly insane,
but partly pitiful
in his gradual disintegration.
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42. In the script,
Weng-Chiang says it is his "offerings"
which have enlarged the rats.
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43. Spice found Weng-Chiang's costume
hot and uncomfortable
under the studio lights.
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44. The leather mask
restricted his field of vision:
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45. Only able to see straight ahead,
he had to move by guesswork.
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46. So why does Weng-Chiang need young women
in particular?
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47. In the script
he gives a fuller explanation.
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48. "Males are chemically inferior,"
he says,
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49. while older women
who have borne children
have "nothing worth extracting".
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50. "Maidens at the point of puberty
are the ideal material."
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51. Notice how the candles have burnt down
since the scenes set the night before.
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52. What the Doctor points out
as the Fleet is actually the Thames,
and vice versa!
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53. There really was a London theatre
built over an old watercourse:
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54. The Sadler's Wells Theatre in Finsbury,
which operated as a music hall
from 1879 to 1896.
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55. The Fleet was progressively covered
between 1737 and 1769.
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56. Perhaps he also supplied
the 1977 newspaper visible
in the laundry basket.
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57. The gun wasn't really made
in Birmingham, or even China,
but London,
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58. by a team of effects assistants
working under George Reed.
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59. Reed made the rifle's barrel
and working parts.
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60. The wood and brass fittings
were the work of John Brace
and Andy Lazell.
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61. The script describes Teresa
as a "lady of the night",
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62. though in reality
most East End prostitutes
were middle-aged and insalubrious.
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63. This scene was mostly filmed
on the afternoon
of Thursday 16 December,
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64. but the next shot is an insert
recorded later in the studio,
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65. because the electronic overlay
creating the hypnotic white light
was achievable only on videotape.
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66. Filming added value to scenes like this,
but it was also a costly
and wasteful process.
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67. For this serial,
the amount of 16mm film shot
totalled 9,425 feet.
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68. The amount of film used
in the finished programmes
is just 614 feet.
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69. The total cost of the film footage
was £1,178,
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70. Cackling theatre cleaners also feature
in the 1962 Hammer Films version
of The Phantom of the Opera.
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71. It was established earlier that
Leela feels awkward and uncomfortable
in her period clothes.
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72. The noise Leela hears
is made by the doves from Chang's act,
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73. but not by the doves in the background:
The sound was dubbed on later.
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74. This scene was shot
on a dreary, drizzly Friday morning
at the end of the filming week.
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75. The location is St Katherine's Dock,
to the east of the Tower of London.
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76. In the script, the Doctor
won't hear of abandoning the enterprise,
as Litefoot suggests.
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77. He calls the Professor some rude names,
"noodlepate" and "jabbernowl",
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78. whereas he's ludicrously reverent
about Birmingham, which he calls
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79. "the city of craftsmen".
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80. To be fair, it is a good gun.
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81. In the script,
Weng-Chiang's first command is:
"Take those clothes off!"
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82. The sewer set,
which appears in the next scene,
caused some headaches in the studio.
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83. The problem was that the set
wasn't sufficiently waterproof:
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84. The "sewer" water escaped
and seeped down to the floor below.
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85. so the BBC was brought to a standstill
that day.
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86. There was a long concealed aperture
in the roof to facilitate
lighting the set.
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87. Robert Holmes originally imagined
the distillation machine differently.
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88. The script describes it
as a "patent liquidiser".
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89. It encloses the victim's body,
leaving just a "head in a box" visible;
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90. a shining ball hangs down on a rod
on each side,
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91. and when the machine operates,
lightning arcs through
the victim's head.
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92. The process leaves no residue:
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93. The cleaner has completely disappeared
when Leela switches off.
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94. She has literally been liquidated,
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95. and Weng-Chiang is later seen to ingest
her life essence intravenously.
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96. Originally he was to escape Leela
by feigning death.
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97. The script refers to Weng-Chiang's gun
as a "light-bolt magnum".
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98. The next shot required some work
by the scene-shifters:
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99. Three sections of the sewer wall
were removed to get this camera angle.
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100. The cost of these non-speaking artists
in fees and expenses
came to a total of £1,909.20.
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101. For the location sequences,
they were mainly supplied
by the Alander Agency in London
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102. only to end up
with the same performers as before!
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103. The chimes you can hear
are a recording of the original bells
of St Clement's,
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104. from London's church
of St Clement Dane in the Strand.
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105. This enables them to make sense
of the anachronistic anomaly
of the Doctor in their own terms,
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106. and so believe they're taking part
in a completely different story.
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107. Here Jago reinvents the Doctor
as Sherlock Holmes in all but name,
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108. and supposes himself to be
a collaborator
in a large-scale police operation,
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109. whereas in fact
the police have less and less to do
with events as the serial goes on!
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110. It was originally intended to use
model shots to show the giant rat,
but that just wasn't viable:
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111. The rat had to perform
specified actions,
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112. and it needed to be in shot
with Leela at the end of this episode.
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113. They just had to make
a full-size giant rat.
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114. The task fell to the costume designer,
John Bloomfield.
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115. Bloomfield began his career
as a set designer in the theatre,
and joined the BBC in 1969.
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116. One of his first jobs there
was The Six Wives of Henry VIII.
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117. Bloomfield began work
immediately after completing
another Doctor Who serial,
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118. 'The Face of Evil' (1977),
for which he had designed
Leela's original leather costume.
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119. He built the rat by laying the fur
over a wooden framework.
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120. The creature's dimensions
were calculated from scale drawings
of real rats.
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121. Effects assistant Andy Lazell
animated the rat's rubber nose
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122. using a bellows to make it twitch
its rubber whiskers.
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123. Later, in a routine review meeting
with the production team,
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124. It was just too cuddly.
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125. To finish,
here's a choice stage direction
from the script:
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126. Also seen in this episode were
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127. Mary Maxted,
Rita Tobin
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128. Frederick Cresswell
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129. No rats were harmed
in the making of this serial.
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