1. We are living through strange days.Copy !req
2. Across Britain, Europe and America,Copy !req
3. societies have become split
and polarised,Copy !req
4. not just in politics,
but across the whole culture.Copy !req
5. There is anger at the inequality
and the ever-growing corruptionCopy !req
6. and a widespread distrust
of the elites.Copy !req
7. Yet, at the same time,
there is a paralysis,Copy !req
8. a sense that no-one knows
how to escape from this.Copy !req
9. Even in America, where there is now
hope with the new president,Copy !req
10. there are also fears that,
despite the growing crisis,Copy !req
11. the system will just return
to normal.Copy !req
12. This paralysis is also fuelled
by a technology, driven by the aimCopy !req
13. of giving you today another version
of what you had yesterday...Copy !req
14. .. and never a different tomorrow.Copy !req
15. These films are a history
of how we got to this placeCopy !req
16. and why both those in power, and we,
find it so difficult to move on.Copy !req
17. They will trace different forcesCopy !req
18. across the world
that have led to now,Copy !req
19. not just in the West,
but in China and Russia as well.Copy !req
20. And they are told
in a different way.Copy !req
21. They are an emotional history
of what went on inside the headsCopy !req
22. of all kinds of people.Copy !req
23. Because in the age of
the individual,Copy !req
24. what you felt and what you wanted
and what you dreamed ofCopy !req
25. were going to become
the driving force across the world.Copy !req
26. And to understand the present,
you have to go back and seeCopy !req
27. what happened when those hopes
and dreams and uncertaintiesCopy !req
28. inside people's minds met
the much older forces of power.Copy !req
29. Often power that was decayingCopy !req
30. and desperate to keep
its ascendancy.Copy !req
31. These strange days
did not just happen -Copy !req
32. we, and those in power,
created them together.Copy !req
33. In the late 1950s, as the British
Empire was falling apart,Copy !req
34. there was a growing sense
that something was badly wrongCopy !req
35. under the surface.Copy !req
36. It was a feeling of unease,
that despite all the reformsCopy !req
37. after the Second World War
and the welfare state,Copy !req
38. the old forms of power
had not gone away.Copy !req
39. And neither had the violence
and the corruptionCopy !req
40. that had always been a part of
that power.Copy !req
41. The court opens with
the traditional reading of namesCopy !req
42. and the wide experience available
to the bank as apparent.Copy !req
43. Mr Cobbold, Mr Minors,Copy !req
44. Sir Charles Hambro...Copy !req
45. Senior director...Copy !req
46. The bankers in the City of LondonCopy !req
47. had been at the very heart of
the Empire.Copy !req
48. In 1958, two of the most powerful
of them,Copy !req
49. Lord Kindersley
and William Keswick,Copy !req
50. were accused of using
insider informationCopy !req
51. to make millions for themselves.Copy !req
52. .. Lord Kindersley...Copy !req
53. Chairman of Rolls-Royce,
merchant banker.Copy !req
54. ..Mr Keswick...Copy !req
55. Hudson's Bay Company
and Far Eastern merchant.Copy !req
56. The evidence against them
was very strong.Copy !req
57. But when Keswick was shown
the evidence, he dismissed itCopy !req
58. with a phrase
that became notorious.Copy !req
59. "It is difficult," he said,Copy !req
60. "to remember conversations one has
whilst shooting on a grouse moor."Copy !req
61. A government inquiry said
the two men were obviously innocent.Copy !req
62. At the same time, reports had
started to come backCopy !req
63. from one of the last parts of
the Empire - Kenya -Copy !req
64. that seemed to show that those
in charge had gone out of control.Copy !req
65. They had been fighting a liberation
movement called the Mau Mau.Copy !req
66. The report said that hundreds
of thousands of Kenyans had been putCopy !req
67. into special camps,
where they were going to beCopy !req
68. psychologically adjusted.Copy !req
69. The British were trying
to manipulateCopy !req
70. what their chief psychologist
called the "African mind".Copy !req
71. But what then happened in the camps
turned into a frenzied madness.Copy !req
72. The British used mass torture
and killingCopy !req
73. as they desperately tried
to hold on to power.Copy !req
74. The government in London
denied all the accusations,Copy !req
75. but the rumours of
violence and horror continued.Copy !req
76. But what had also not gone away
was the fear and hatredCopy !req
77. inside the minds of many
of the British of the "others",Copy !req
78. the people the British
had ruled overCopy !req
79. who were now coming to what
they had been told was the homeland.Copy !req
80. Now, listen carefully
to this Indian's conversationCopy !req
81. with a white barber when he entered
a saloon with a BBC radio microphoneCopy !req
82. in his pocket.Copy !req
83. No!
What's the matter?Copy !req
84. No!Copy !req
85. Is there anything wrong?Copy !req
86. Yes! What is it?
I said no.Copy !req
87. But I'd like to know
what is the matter. I'm closed.Copy !req
88. There's another half an hour...
Well, I'm closed now.Copy !req
89. But you didn't put the closed sign
outside on the window, did you?Copy !req
90. Will you clear off?Copy !req
91. Look, if you give me any reason why,
what is the matter,Copy !req
92. then I shall go if you tell me...Copy !req
93. I've told you - I'm closed!Copy !req
94. You're not closed.Copy !req
95. You're not...
You're not closed yet.Copy !req
96. Well, I am - to you.Copy !req
97. Those who came from
the Empire to BritainCopy !req
98. were shocked by the strange country
they found.Copy !req
99. Michael de Freitas had come
from Trinidad.Copy !req
100. He had grown up with a picture of
a strong and confident homelandCopy !req
101. at the centre of the Empire.Copy !req
102. Instead, what he found was,
what seemed to him,Copy !req
103. a sad and frightened country.Copy !req
104. You must remember that,
that when we came to this country,Copy !req
105. we were not travelling to
a foreign country.Copy !req
106. We were taught, I was taught
when I was a young man,Copy !req
107. that my country, Trinidad,
was an extension of this one.Copy !req
108. We were weaned on the concept
of the Empire.Copy !req
109. When I was a young boy,
I stood in 90 degrees of sunCopy !req
110. day after day and sang
all kinds of silly thingsCopy !req
111. like God Save The Queen,
Land of Hope and Glory,Copy !req
112. "Britannia rule the waves",Copy !req
113. with the greatest of fervour
and believed every word of it.Copy !req
114. To come here and discover that
not only wasn't I not travellingCopy !req
115. to the capital of the whole thing,
which we were led to believe was so,Copy !req
116. but in actual fact,
we weren't wantedCopy !req
117. has been a very shattering blow.Copy !req
118. Many people in this country
who think that we are very hatefulCopy !req
119. are so wrong.Copy !req
120. You see, this is the great mystery.Copy !req
121. When you came here, you say
you found you weren't wanted.Copy !req
122. Why, then, did you stay?Copy !req
123. Why did you choose to stay here?Copy !req
124. This was the heartland of
the whole thingCopy !req
125. and one hoped against hope
that what one saw was not right.Copy !req
126. Song for Zula
by PhosphorescentCopy !req
127. Mao Zedong's wife was going mad.Copy !req
128. She was called Jiang Qing.Copy !req
129. She lived alone,
surrounded by pet monkeysCopy !req
130. and nurses, who she was convinced
were conspiring against her.Copy !req
131. Those in charge of the revolution
in ChinaCopy !req
132. had completely marginalised her.Copy !req
133. She was too dangerous, they thought,
to be allowed anywhereCopy !req
134. near her husband or power.Copy !req
135. They had even sent her to Moscow
to be locked in a sanatoriumCopy !req
136. with real and imagined illnesses.Copy !req
137. But now Jiang Qing's husband
was facing disaster.Copy !req
138. The revolution had led to horror.Copy !req
139. 30 million people had died
from starvationCopy !req
140. in the past three years.Copy !req
141. The other leaders wanted
to get rid of him.Copy !req
142. And suddenly, he called for her.Copy !req
143. Jiang Qing was
an extraordinary person.Copy !req
144. She believed in nothing except the
power of her will to shape reality.Copy !req
145. She had begun as an actor in films
in Shanghai in the 1930s.Copy !req
146. The other actors looked down at her
for her driving ambition.Copy !req
147. She liked to be
on the top, always.Copy !req
148. She's a very ambitious woman
and she liked to be topCopy !req
149. and she plays with
the, you know,Copy !req
150. with all the directors, cameramen,Copy !req
151. make them... make them, you know,
pay attention, you see,Copy !req
152. and the interest in herCopy !req
153. so she can have a better part
of the film.Copy !req
154. She married a quite famous writer
called Tang NaCopy !req
155. and after married,
she doesn't feelCopy !req
156. very satisfied by her husbandCopy !req
157. because her husband is not
the very, very strong man.Copy !req
158. And she left him
and he jumped to the river,Copy !req
159. and then the water was very cold,
so he jump up again, you see?Copy !req
160. So... You mean he tried
to commit suicide?Copy !req
161. Yes, he's trying to
commit... commit suicide.Copy !req
162. After the suicide attempt,Copy !req
163. Jiang Qing wrote a long letter
to her husband.Copy !req
164. It said she was leaving himCopy !req
165. and also explained why
with an extraordinary openness.Copy !req
166. There were powerful forces
inside her, she said,Copy !req
167. that kept driving her
towards fame and powerCopy !req
168. and it was only those forces that
held her together psychologically.Copy !req
169. "Nothing must hold them back."Copy !req
170. It ended, "What matters is that
you remember meCopy !req
171. "as a woman who never caves in
before anyoneCopy !req
172. "and who will never bear to be
treated as inferior to men."Copy !req
173. But Jiang Qing failed to
become a star.Copy !req
174. The men who ran the studios
scorned her ambition.Copy !req
175. Her most famous part was
as a supporting actor in a filmCopy !req
176. called Bloodshed on Wolf Mountain.Copy !req
177. The star of the film was called
Li Lili.Copy !req
178. Jiang Qing was convinced that LiCopy !req
179. was trying to upstage her
all the timeCopy !req
180. and she became the focus
of all Jiang Qing's angerCopy !req
181. over her treatment by
the Shanghai establishment.Copy !req
182. Hua Yang De Nian Hua
by Zhou XuanCopy !req
183. Bitter and disillusioned,
Jiang Qing left ShanghaiCopy !req
184. and travelled to join
the communist resistanceCopy !req
185. on a remote mountain in Yan'an.Copy !req
186. The camp was an intense,
exciting placeCopy !req
187. and many of the young
revolutionaries had affairs.Copy !req
188. Sex was called
"undisciplined guerrilla warfare".Copy !req
189. But when Jiang Qing started an
affair with the leader, Mao Zedong,Copy !req
190. that was different.Copy !req
191. She was scorned by
the other revolutionariesCopy !req
192. as a social-climbing upstart.Copy !req
193. Then it got worse.Copy !req
194. Mao announced that he was
going to divorce his wifeCopy !req
195. and marry Jiang Qing.Copy !req
196. The other communist leaders
were horrified.Copy !req
197. They saw Jiang Qing as a dangerous,
destructive forceCopy !req
198. because she was driven by
a fierce radical individualismCopy !req
199. that threatened
their collective dream.Copy !req
200. In the communist structure,
everyone was part of a unit.Copy !req
201. She insisted, "I am a unit of one."Copy !req
202. No-one could work out what to do.Copy !req
203. They even went and asked Stalin
in Moscow for his advice.Copy !req
204. He said, "Let them marry.Copy !req
205. "But Jiang Qing must sign a document
promising to refrainCopy !req
206. "from political activity
for 30 years."Copy !req
207. She signed, but she was furious
with the men who now controlled her.Copy !req
208. They even tracked down and destroyed
prints of her old filmsCopy !req
209. because they didn't fit
with the image of Mao's wife.Copy !req
210. Her fury grew.Copy !req
211. Jiang Wing wanted power
on her own behalf,Copy !req
212. as an individual.Copy !req
213. And she wanted revenge.Copy !req
214. Now, 20 years later,
in 1959, Mao was facing disasterCopy !req
215. and he was calling for her.Copy !req
216. GUNSHOT, GIRL SCREAMSCopy !req
217. You're dead, you're dead!Copy !req
218. In America, the idea
of individualismCopy !req
219. had become central to
the politics of the Cold War...Copy !req
220. What are you, bulletproof?Copy !req
221. Get out from behind that tree.Copy !req
222. .. because it was what defined
the United StatesCopy !req
223. against the collective ideology
of Russia.Copy !req
224. At the heart of it was the picture
of a strong, confident individualCopy !req
225. living an independent life
in the new giant suburbsCopy !req
226. outside the old cities.Copy !req
227. My gun won't shoot that far.Copy !req
228. But there was a weakness,Copy !req
229. because the people
in the suburbs were alone.Copy !req
230. And in their isolation,
away from the old communities,Copy !req
231. they started to become fearful
and lost.Copy !req
232. Out of these fears came a paranoiaCopy !req
233. that was fuelled by groups
on the extreme right,Copy !req
234. like the John Birch Society.Copy !req
235. .. and to the republic,
for which it stands,Copy !req
236. one nation under God, indivisible...Copy !req
237. They said that the American
government had been taken overCopy !req
238. by hidden groups,
controlled by the communists.Copy !req
239. And at the end of the 1950s,
a theory spread like wildfireCopy !req
240. through the suburbs that
President Eisenhower himselfCopy !req
241. had really been put into power
by the communists.Copy !req
242. "He is a dedicated, conscious agent
of the Russians,"Copy !req
243. the head of
the John Birch Society said.Copy !req
244. "That conclusion is based on
detailed evidence so extensiveCopy !req
245. "that it is beyond
any reasonable doubt."Copy !req
246. But this paranoia was not
a new thing.Copy !req
247. An influential political scientist
called Richard HofstadterCopy !req
248. published an article
that caused a sensation.Copy !req
249. He said that there had always
been a dark paranoiaCopy !req
250. built into America
from the very start.Copy !req
251. The first settlers had come
from Europe to AmericaCopy !req
252. to flee from the corruption of power
in the Old World.Copy !req
253. But although they had got away
from the old power,Copy !req
254. they hadn't got away from
their suspicious minds,Copy !req
255. and alone, out in the vast
wilderness of the new America,Copy !req
256. that led them to imagining dark,
hidden conspiraciesCopy !req
257. in their own government,
far away in Washington.Copy !req
258. One of the first of these,
in the early 19th century,Copy !req
259. said that a secret group
from Europe,Copy !req
260. called the Bavarian Illuminati,Copy !req
261. were running a giant conspiracy
in AmericaCopy !req
262. to destroy the new democracy.Copy !req
263. In reality, the Illuminati
had been a utopian movementCopy !req
264. who wanted to replace religion
with reason.Copy !req
265. But instead, they now became
the first of a seriesCopy !req
266. of frightening suspicions
that fed off the isolationCopy !req
267. of the settlers in the New World.Copy !req
268. "The paranoia in the suburbs,"
Hofstadter said,Copy !req
269. "is just part of a much larger
darknessCopy !req
270. "built into the very structure
of America itselfCopy !req
271. "that was feeding, yet again,Copy !req
272. "on people's separateness
and isolation."Copy !req
273. But in the same suburbs,
there was a new movement rising upCopy !req
274. that was going to confront
and challenge these fears.Copy !req
275. It was driven by a radical
individualism that saidCopy !req
276. that you as an individual can shape
the world the way you want it to be,Copy !req
277. not accept what the dark fears
tell you it is.Copy !req
278. It would be one of
the main foundationsCopy !req
279. of the counterculture movementCopy !req
280. that was going to spread throughout
the West.Copy !req
281. But now, it was just beginning,Copy !req
282. born out of odd moments across
the suburbs of California.Copy !req
283. One night, Kerry Thornley
went with his friend Greg HillCopy !req
284. to a bowling alley.Copy !req
285. They started to discuss reality.Copy !req
286. Thornley insisted that there was
a fixed order to the universe,Copy !req
287. but Greg said that the universe
was chaos and it was human thoughtCopy !req
288. that projected an order
onto the chaos.Copy !req
289. Sitting around in a bowling alley
in 1958, to be exact,Copy !req
290. somewhere in the vicinity
of Whittier, California,Copy !req
291. and we were discussing philosophyCopy !req
292. and we were talking
about order and chaos.Copy !req
293. Greg's theory was that order
was projected on the universe,Copy !req
294. that it didn't exist at all,Copy !req
295. that it was a creation
of the human mind,Copy !req
296. that order was entirely
in perception and had nothing to doCopy !req
297. with what was going on out there
in a completely chaotic universe.Copy !req
298. Thornley was inspired by this, and
together he and Greg Hill decidedCopy !req
299. to set up a movement dedicated
to the idea of chaos.Copy !req
300. They called it Discordianism.Copy !req
301. Underlying it was the belief
that individuals had the powerCopy !req
302. inside themselves to bring order
and meaning to the chaos,Copy !req
303. not the old systems of power
that created the fear and suspicion.Copy !req
304. But then an extraordinary
coincidence happenedCopy !req
305. that was going to lead Thornley back
towards that darkness in America.Copy !req
306. Thornley was sent to do service
with the Marines,Copy !req
307. and at the camp,
he met another recruitCopy !req
308. who seemed to embody the figure of
the free, independent individualCopy !req
309. he so admired because he refused
to bow to the power of the officers.Copy !req
310. He was called Lee Harvey Oswald...Copy !req
311. .. and they became close friends.Copy !req
312. Thornley had read the novels
of Ayn RandCopy !req
313. and he decided he was going to write
a novelCopy !req
314. with Oswald as the central figure,
a hero of this new age.Copy !req
315. But then, suddenly, Oswald defected
to the Soviet UnionCopy !req
316. and things became very strange.Copy !req
317. It seemed that the reality outsideCopy !req
318. was even more chaotic
than he had imagined.Copy !req
319. It was really a weird experience
for meCopy !req
320. because I was writing this novel
based on Oswald.Copy !req
321. When Oswald defected to the Soviet
Union, I decided to write a novelCopy !req
322. about a Marine who becomes
disenchanted with the USCopy !req
323. and goes to the Soviet Union,Copy !req
324. and so it was like the hero...
And I didn't like Kennedy.Copy !req
325. I was extremely anti-Kennedy myself
because I was so much into Ayn Rand,Copy !req
326. laissez faire capitalism,
objectivism,Copy !req
327. and Kennedy was the arch villain
of our...Copy !req
328. .. of our movement at that time.Copy !req
329. And it was like the hero of my novel
jumped up off the pages of my bookCopy !req
330. and shot the President,
and it was... it was...Copy !req
331. It was very weird.Copy !req
332. Air
by The Incredible String BandCopy !req
333. Although the British Empire was now
finally collapsingCopy !req
334. and the last colonies being given
their independence,Copy !req
335. in the homeland, England, the old
structure of power remained intact.Copy !req
336. And not only in the institutions,Copy !req
337. but inside people's heads as well.Copy !req
338. The old attitudes of power
were still deeply embeddedCopy !req
339. in the minds of the establishment
who dominated the country.Copy !req
340. Those in charge demanded obedience,Copy !req
341. not just from those they governed
or employed,Copy !req
342. but also from their wives.Copy !req
343. They expected them to submit too.Copy !req
344. And again. Fine.Copy !req
345. Sandra Paul had grown up in Africa
and the Far East.Copy !req
346. Her father had been a doctor
in the Royal Air Force.Copy !req
347. She came back to England
and became a successful model.Copy !req
348. Just take that knee
a little wider here.Copy !req
349. Good.Copy !req
350. Then she met Robin Douglas-Home.Copy !req
351. He was at the heart
of the ruling class.Copy !req
352. His uncle had been Prime Minister.Copy !req
353. She was incredibly beautiful.Copy !req
354. She had a tremendous
quality of innocence.Copy !req
355. And, erm...Copy !req
356. She was, I thought,
a vulnerable creatureCopy !req
357. in a highly suspect world,Copy !req
358. the world of models and fashion,Copy !req
359. which I despised then,Copy !req
360. and I despise even more now.Copy !req
361. Erm... And so, in a sense,
maybe I was trying to rescue herCopy !req
362. from what I thought
was going to be a declineCopy !req
363. in her character due to her career.Copy !req
364. Can you take that leg, that knee
a little wider out that way?Copy !req
365. Sort of, really...
That's right.Copy !req
366. But she was earning considerably
more than you wereCopy !req
367. and, presumably, this money was
useful in setting up your home,Copy !req
368. so I suppose you could hardly
be resentful about it.Copy !req
369. I was earning
considerably less, yes.Copy !req
370. They married, and
Robin Douglas-Home insistedCopy !req
371. that they went to live
in the country.Copy !req
372. Sandra Paul agreed...Copy !req
373. .. but she found that
he also insistedCopy !req
374. that she should stop
her modelling careerCopy !req
375. and remain in the country while
he went to their house in London.Copy !req
376. Then eventually, Robin wanted
to be in London more.Copy !req
377. And...Copy !req
378. He didn't really want the routine
so much.Copy !req
379. He wanted to be going out to parties
on his own,Copy !req
380. and when he realised that
if he was in LondonCopy !req
381. and I would be in London too...Copy !req
382. .. erm...Copy !req
383. .. this meant that he had to share
his life,Copy !req
384. and he was beginning to want
to be...Copy !req
385. .. just a little independent.Copy !req
386. Do you mean he was getting bored
with you?Copy !req
387. Yes, probably,Copy !req
388. because I used to want to know what
he'd been doing or where he'd beenCopy !req
389. and he didn't want to say,
and so we'd have a row.Copy !req
390. But just because I was wanting
to know about his lifeCopy !req
391. and he thought that I shouldn't have
to know everything about his life.Copy !req
392. I felt that when you were married
that you should share thingsCopy !req
393. and you should have a right, really,
to know what your husband was doing.Copy !req
394. Even if he was to make it up,Copy !req
395. he should take the trouble
to make something up to tell youCopy !req
396. so you could put it
out of your mind.Copy !req
397. Michael de Freitas was now working
for a notorious landlordCopy !req
398. in Notting Hill called
Peter Rachman.Copy !req
399. Rachman owned hundreds of flats
and decaying houses in Notting Hill,Copy !req
400. which he rented out to prostitutes
and immigrants.Copy !req
401. De Freitas's job was
to be Rachman's enforcer,Copy !req
402. often using threats and violence,Copy !req
403. including breaking in
and wrecking the flats.Copy !req
404. When we came back in the night,
we see everything outside.Copy !req
405. All the floor mashed up.Copy !req
406. All the wardrobe, all the chair,
all the table,Copy !req
407. all the clothes on the floor, dirty.Copy !req
408. He took my brother's tools
and mashed up all the floor.Copy !req
409. Pulled up all the lights.Copy !req
410. No water.Copy !req
411. I say, "Well, well, well, well."Copy !req
412. Michael de Freitas was fascinated
by his new employerCopy !req
413. because Peter Rachman was far more
than just the brutal gangsterCopy !req
414. that he was portrayed as.Copy !req
415. He had lived an extraordinary life.Copy !req
416. He had been born in Lvov,
on the border of Ukraine and Poland.Copy !req
417. Then the Nazis invadedCopy !req
418. and Rachman was arrested
and forcibly sterilisedCopy !req
419. because he was Jewish.Copy !req
420. But he managed to escape.Copy !req
421. He fled into Russia,
but was captured again,Copy !req
422. this time by the Russians,Copy !req
423. who sent him to the labour camps
in Siberia,Copy !req
424. where he watched people survive
by killing each otherCopy !req
425. and then eating the human flesh.Copy !req
426. But then the Nazis invaded RussiaCopy !req
427. and suddenly, Rachman became
Russia's ally.Copy !req
428. He was sent off to fight
with the Free Polish Army.Copy !req
429. And he ended up, after the war,
in London,Copy !req
430. stateless and a complete outsider.Copy !req
431. That horror meant that Rachman
judged nobody.Copy !req
432. For him, the differences between
right and wrongCopy !req
433. were luxuries for the privileged.Copy !req
434. In the face of horror,
everyone was the same,Copy !req
435. focused entirely on survival.Copy !req
436. But the English judged him.Copy !req
437. He was hated with an overwhelming
disgust as the face of evil.Copy !req
438. De Freitas believed that
this revealed somethingCopy !req
439. that was hidden in English society.Copy !req
440. We start with the story of a man,Copy !req
441. let me say straight away
a sordid storyCopy !req
442. that some of you may well not want
the younger children to hear.Copy !req
443. This is Peter Rachman,Copy !req
444. one of Britain's big-time
20th-century racketeers.Copy !req
445. On the surface, there was the overt
racism against the immigrantsCopy !req
446. that Rachman was bringing
into Notting Hill.Copy !req
447. A large number of people
in Notting HillCopy !req
448. are trying to mix the two races,
are trying to bring aboutCopy !req
449. a coffee-coloured mulatto population
in Britain,Copy !req
450. and I regard it as no disgrace
for the White Defence LeagueCopy !req
451. to come on the scene and stand up
for white interests.Copy !req
452. But de Freitas
saw something deeper.Copy !req
453. Rachman's property empire
was a brutal and violent one,Copy !req
454. but it was doing something
that polite English societyCopy !req
455. completely refused to do.Copy !req
456. He was giving people on
the very margins of society -Copy !req
457. prostitutes and black immigrants -
somewhere to live.Copy !req
458. His empire shone a harsh light
on the hypocrisy of the nice peopleCopy !req
459. at the top of English society,Copy !req
460. who would never think of themselves
as racistCopy !req
461. but wanted nothing to do with
the people he was movingCopy !req
462. into Notting Hill.Copy !req
463. And they hated him for it.Copy !req
464. This was captured in an interview
that the BBC didCopy !req
465. with the local upmarket journalists
in Notting HillCopy !req
466. about the day Rachman
visited their offices.Copy !req
467. What struck me about himCopy !req
468. was his extraordinary sense
of being so evil.Copy !req
469. This was a really evil man.Copy !req
470. We'd heard a lot about Rachman -Copy !req
471. and finally, here he was,
sitting in this room.Copy !req
472. But I don't think any of us
were prepared to seeCopy !req
473. such a grotesque individual.Copy !req
474. Kind of gravelly type of voice,Copy !req
475. a sort of... almost a diseased voice,
if you like,Copy !req
476. the kind of thing which went...Copy !req
477. "Oh, what do
you want to see me for?Copy !req
478. "I mean, I've done nothing."Copy !req
479. De Freitas decided that there was a
fear in England that went far deeperCopy !req
480. than just the
working-class racism...Copy !req
481. .. that behind the polite veneer
of the middle classes,Copy !req
482. there was a hard ruthlessness
and a suspicion of others.Copy !req
483. De Freitas gave it a name.Copy !req
484. He called it Englishism.Copy !req
485. It came, he said, from both an anger
and a melancholyCopy !req
486. at the loss of their empire.Copy !req
487. Then Peter Rachman died
of a heart attack,Copy !req
488. and Michael de Freitas
suddenly foundCopy !req
489. that he was the new face of evil.Copy !req
490. Mr de Freitas?Copy !req
491. Why will you not take the rent
from this man here?Copy !req
492. I don't own the property.Copy !req
493. But your name's on the rent book.
Is it?Copy !req
494. Well, you know it is.
We can probably show it to you.Copy !req
495. Come here, Mr de Freitas, cos I need
to know the facts about this.Copy !req
496. Why will you not take his rent
from him?Copy !req
497. Jiang Qing came in secret
to Mount Lushan to meet Mao Zedong,Copy !req
498. where he was confronting
the other revolutionaries.Copy !req
499. She was determined to stop them
from overthrowing Mao.Copy !req
500. Many of them were the men who had
forced herCopy !req
501. into her strange, isolated lifeCopy !req
502. and she hated them.Copy !req
503. Jiang Qing was also convinced
that these menCopy !req
504. weren't really revolutionaries.Copy !req
505. They were actually ghosts from
the past who, without realising it,Copy !req
506. were destroying the revolutionCopy !req
507. because their minds were still
possessed by the patterns of thoughtCopy !req
508. of the old, decaying
and corrupt empireCopy !req
509. that had ruled China for 300 years.Copy !req
510. Mao pretended to give in
to the demandsCopy !req
511. of the other revolutionaries,Copy !req
512. but he told Jiang Qing
to go to ShanghaiCopy !req
513. and to prepare quietly
for a new kind of revolution -Copy !req
514. one that would sweep
the opposition away.Copy !req
515. Jiang Qing returned to where
she had started -Copy !req
516. the studios of Shanghai.Copy !req
517. But now she was in control.Copy !req
518. And the new revolution was going to
be driven by HER self-expressionCopy !req
519. and HER imagination
that had been stifled back then.Copy !req
520. The unit of one was going to
take over the revolutionCopy !req
521. and reshape the minds
of the Chinese people.Copy !req
522. Because she could control
the people's minds,Copy !req
523. she could control their images,
she was...Copy !req
524. She became, er... She became
the mistress of the artsCopy !req
525. and of propaganda and culture.Copy !req
526. She does have great personal charm.Copy !req
527. It's a severe charm.Copy !req
528. It's the charm of being able to do
what she wantedCopy !req
529. and to say what she wanted toCopy !req
530. in a society where most people
say what they're expected to say,Copy !req
531. most people express
the current political line.Copy !req
532. Her daring to reflect upon the past,Copy !req
533. to speak extensively about herselfCopy !req
534. and to make judgments of all sorts
was extraordinary.Copy !req
535. And she's a woman of many partsCopy !req
536. so, needless to say,
her relationship to the ChairmanCopy !req
537. was always the trump card.Copy !req
538. Jiang Qing began by taking old
Chinese operas and reworked themCopy !req
539. so they became dramatic melodramas
about the need to struggleCopy !req
540. against the evil forces
still hidden in Chinese society.Copy !req
541. GUNSHOT, MUSIC CRESCENDOESCopy !req
542. Hate was a key word in the script.Copy !req
543. "It must be shouted," she said,Copy !req
544. "as if it was a grenade that
you were hurling at the enemy."Copy !req
545. "And never forget,"
she told the heroine,Copy !req
546. "that beauty is less important
than will and power."Copy !req
547. But the operas were just the start.Copy !req
548. Jiang Qing's real aim was to turn
the whole of China itselfCopy !req
549. into a giant melodrama,Copy !req
550. to work millions of people up
into an intense frenzyCopy !req
551. that would have the power to smash
through the old corrupt ideasCopy !req
552. that were still lodged
in people's headsCopy !req
553. and break through
to a new kind of society.Copy !req
554. But at the same time,Copy !req
555. Jiang Qing herself was driven by
old hatreds from her own past.Copy !req
556. And she was also going to
turn that frenzyCopy !req
557. into a crusade of revenge against
her old enemies...Copy !req
558. .. including Li Lili,Copy !req
559. who had upstaged her in
Bloodshed on Wolf Mountain.Copy !req
560. Living quietly in New York,
completely forgotten,Copy !req
561. was an Irish woman
called Ethel BooleCopy !req
562. who personified the very opposite
of what Jiang Qing believed -Copy !req
563. because Boole thought that
the way to change the worldCopy !req
564. was to give yourself up to the force
of revolution,Copy !req
565. to surrender your individual self
and your identityCopy !req
566. to the dream of a better future
for others.Copy !req
567. At the end of the 19th century,Copy !req
568. Ethel Boole had gone to Russia
as a young girlCopy !req
569. and become involved with the
revolutionaries in St Petersburg.Copy !req
570. And she wrote a novel called
The Gadfly.Copy !req
571. It told a powerful romantic story
of a young girlCopy !req
572. who sacrificed everything
for revolution.Copy !req
573. She then married
a Polish revolutionaryCopy !req
574. called Wilfrid Voynich,Copy !req
575. and in the 1920s, they went to live
in New York,Copy !req
576. where he worked as
an antiquarian book-sellerCopy !req
577. and Ethel Boole
forgot about revolution.Copy !req
578. But in 1959, when the Bolshoi Ballet
came to New York,Copy !req
579. the dancers were astonished
to find that she was aliveCopy !req
580. and they rushed to visit herCopy !req
581. because Ethel Boole,
without her realising it,Copy !req
582. had become a hero
of the Russian Revolution.Copy !req
583. She discovered that her novelCopy !req
584. had inspired millions of
young revolutionaries in the 1920sCopy !req
585. to rise up and fight
for the revolution,Copy !req
586. inspired by the idea
of surrendering themselvesCopy !req
587. to a grand historic cause.Copy !req
588. Then, the same had happened
in China.Copy !req
589. Again, millions of
young revolutionariesCopy !req
590. had carried The Gadfly
in their backpacksCopy !req
591. as they fought to create
a new kind of future.Copy !req
592. Now, Boole was living alone.Copy !req
593. And she had inherited
a mysterious book from her husband.Copy !req
594. It was called
the Voynich manuscript,Copy !req
595. and it was written in a language
no-one has been able to decipher.Copy !req
596. But one ballerina
in the Bolshoi groupCopy !req
597. didn't go to visit Ethel Boole.Copy !req
598. She was called Maya Plisetskaya.Copy !req
599. She was the most famous ballerina
in the worldCopy !req
600. and she hated the communist system.Copy !req
601. Plisetskaya's father had been
executed by firing squadCopy !req
602. during the purges of the 1930s.Copy !req
603. Her mother had been sent to a prison
in the wastes of Siberia.Copy !req
604. As she became famous, she was
watched all the timeCopy !req
605. by agents from the KGB.Copy !req
606. She couldn't trust anyone.Copy !req
607. Everyone around her had been told
to inform on her.Copy !req
608. And she hated what she called
"the men with sweaty faces,"Copy !req
609. the party bosses who leered at her
as she danced.Copy !req
610. In private, Maya Plisetskaya
wrote out her own manifesto.Copy !req
611. "I don't know about other people,"
she wrote, "I'll say it for myself.Copy !req
612. "I don't want to be a slave.Copy !req
613. "I don't want people whom
I don't know to decide my fate.Copy !req
614. "I don't want a leash on my neck.Copy !req
615. "I don't want a cage,
even if it is a platinum one.Copy !req
616. "I don't want to be rejected
or branded.Copy !req
617. "I don't want to hide
what I am thinking.Copy !req
618. "I don't want to bow my head,Copy !req
619. "and I won't do it.Copy !req
620. "That's not what I was born for."Copy !req
621. Both Plisetskaya and Jiang Qing
were part of the new individualismCopy !req
622. that was rising up everywhere...Copy !req
623. .. while Ethel Boole's
collective vision was dying.Copy !req
624. But at the same time,
a new revolution was about to begin.Copy !req
625. It would offer a dream of liberation
and freedom for the new individuals.Copy !req
626. But it would end
by controlling them.Copy !req
627. And in a strange twist,
the person whose ideasCopy !req
628. would guide that revolution
was Ethel Boole's father.Copy !req
629. He was a mathematician from the
19th century called George Boole.Copy !req
630. Boole had been
a deeply religious man.Copy !req
631. And one afternoon in the 1840s,Copy !req
632. as he walked across a field
near Doncaster,Copy !req
633. a thought had flashed into his headCopy !req
634. that he believed
was a religious vision.Copy !req
635. Boole suddenly saw how you could
use mathematicsCopy !req
636. to unlock the mysterious processes
of human thought.Copy !req
637. The same symbols that were used
in algebraCopy !req
638. could be used to describe what
went on inside people's headsCopy !req
639. as they followed a train of thought,Copy !req
640. expressing all the twists and turns
in simple binary form.Copy !req
641. If this, then that.Copy !req
642. If that, then not this.Copy !req
643. And in 1854, Boole wrote a book
that caused a sensation.Copy !req
644. It was called An Investigation
of the Laws of Thought.Copy !req
645. Its aim - to investigate
the fundamental lawsCopy !req
646. of those operations of the mind
by which reasoning is performed.Copy !req
647. Boole showed how even abstract
concepts like virtue and passionCopy !req
648. could be put into equations,Copy !req
649. and then the symbols used
to follow a pattern of thoughtCopy !req
650. to its conclusion.Copy !req
651. Boole was driven by
an almost messianic beliefCopy !req
652. that he had been allowed
a glimpse by GodCopy !req
653. into the truth of the human mind.Copy !req
654. But there were those
who doubted this.Copy !req
655. The philosopher Bertrand Russell
was astonishedCopy !req
656. by the brilliance
of Boole's mathematics,Copy !req
657. but he didn't believe that what
Boole had discoveredCopy !req
658. was anything to do
with human thought.Copy !req
659. "Human beings," Russell said,
"do not think like that."Copy !req
660. What Boole was really doing
was something else.Copy !req
661. Throughout the British Empire,
science had played a powerful roleCopy !req
662. which has been wiped
and forgotten today.Copy !req
663. Its job had been to create
abstract systems,Copy !req
664. to catalogue and order
the chaotic realityCopy !req
665. that the British ruled over,Copy !req
666. to turn it into something that could
be managed and controlled.Copy !req
667. It ranged from making maps of
what was called the dark interiorCopy !req
668. to cataloguing millions of species
of animals and insects,Copy !req
669. and studying and categorising
different human types.Copy !req
670. And what Boole was doing
was the next step in that process.Copy !req
671. He was taking the chaotic reality
of human thoughtCopy !req
672. and making a simplified,
rational mapCopy !req
673. of that other dark interior,Copy !req
674. the human mind,Copy !req
675. so it could be managed
and controlled.Copy !req
676. But in the 19th century,
no-one could see any wayCopy !req
677. of using the system
that Boole had createdCopy !req
678. and it languished
and was quietly forgottenCopy !req
679. when the British Empire
began to collapse.Copy !req
680. One day, Sandra Paul discovered
her husband having sexCopy !req
681. in the back of a car
with the Marchioness of Londonderry.Copy !req
682. It was the final strawCopy !req
683. and she decided the marriage
would have to end.Copy !req
684. She told Robin Douglas-Home
that she wanted a divorce,Copy !req
685. but he refused...Copy !req
686. ..so she said that she would seek
a petition for cruelty.Copy !req
687. It meant that many of the details
of their marriageCopy !req
688. and the struggles between them
would be made public.Copy !req
689. And he couldn't bear the thought
of going through a divorce,Copy !req
690. so he refused to give me a divorce.Copy !req
691. He blamed me for...Copy !req
692. .. dragging the whole thing out in...Copy !req
693. Erm... Well, I don't think
he blamed me coherently.Copy !req
694. He just blamed me
because I divorced himCopy !req
695. and he couldn't understand that
there wasn't any other way.Copy !req
696. I... Well, I don't think
I was unfairCopy !req
697. because it was the only thing
I could do,Copy !req
698. and I did think that it was hopeless
for us to stay in a separated state,Copy !req
699. hopeless for me.Copy !req
700. I was being selfish.
I wanted to be free.Copy !req
701. Erm... You had to be
fairly ruthless.Copy !req
702. Yes, I had to be ruthless
in order to be free.Copy !req
703. And she insisted on continuingCopy !req
704. with this petition for cruelty.Copy !req
705. Now, when I received the petition
for cruelty,Copy !req
706. I can only describe one's feelings
to you as if,Copy !req
707. you know, a small bomb had gone off
inside your head.Copy !req
708. Because, erm...Copy !req
709. ..it chapterised the marriage
almost day by day...Copy !req
710. .. and incidentally,
letter by letter, roneoed...Copy !req
711. ..in the most unpleasant
and vicious terms...Copy !req
712. .. with me as the aggressor
and the cruel one.Copy !req
713. Five years of one's life...Copy !req
714. .. say, 70% of which were very happy,Copy !req
715. reduced to a great wad of foolscap,Copy !req
716. typed out by leering little clerksCopy !req
717. in solicitors' offices.Copy !req
718. Your letters from the moment
you'd met,Copy !req
719. typed out, roneoed -Copy !req
720. your letters to your mother,Copy !req
721. her letters to her mother,Copy !req
722. her mother's letters to me.Copy !req
723. It was all right, you felt,
to be regarded as an adulterer,Copy !req
724. but you couldn't bear to be
regarded as cruel?Copy !req
725. I couldn't bear her to... to...Copy !req
726. .. put a... a...Copy !req
727. ..a kind of tombstone on...Copy !req
728. .. this marriage reading in the way
that that petition read.Copy !req
729. For men like Robin Douglas-Home,
the expectation of powerCopy !req
730. had been deeply embedded
inside their minds,Copy !req
731. but as the world had changed around
them and real power ebbed away,Copy !req
732. they were left
with a terrible melancholyCopy !req
733. that in some would turn to despair.Copy !req
734. A year after the filming, Robin
Douglas-Home committed suicide.Copy !req
735. Sag Mir Wo Die Blumen Sind
by Marlene DietrichCopy !req
736. Kerry Thornley had left CaliforniaCopy !req
737. and gone to live in New Orleans,
where he worked in a bar.Copy !req
738. The movement that he and his friend
Greg Hill had started -Copy !req
739. Discordianism -
was beginning to grow,Copy !req
740. spreading by word of mouth.Copy !req
741. Like much of the new counterculture,
it was against all politics.Copy !req
742. It distrusted all the old systems
of power - left and right -Copy !req
743. because they were just trying
to force youCopy !req
744. into their version of reality.Copy !req
745. Thornley also published his novelCopy !req
746. with Lee Harvey Oswald
as the central figure.Copy !req
747. It was called The Idle Warriors.Copy !req
748. But New Orleans was also the city
where Lee Harvey Oswald had livedCopy !req
749. before the Kennedy assassination.Copy !req
750. And as a result, Thornley
came to the notice of the manCopy !req
751. who was going to be the main creator
of the JFK conspiracy theory.Copy !req
752. He was the district attorney
of New Orleans,Copy !req
753. called Jim Garrison.Copy !req
754. Garrison said that Oswald had just
been part of a giant conspiracyCopy !req
755. that included the CIA, big business,Copy !req
756. the news media
and anti-Castro Cubans,Copy !req
757. who, together, had killed
the President.Copy !req
758. There's no question about that.Copy !req
759. There was a conspiracy.Copy !req
760. A number of men were involved.Copy !req
761. An apparatus which was lethal
in nature...Copy !req
762. .. of which Lee Harvey,
Harvey Oswald was a part,Copy !req
763. assigned the role,
essentially, as decoy.Copy !req
764. Now, don't ask me what the
organisation is because I can't say.Copy !req
765. But the implication, clearly,
is the Central Intelligence Agency,Copy !req
766. your own security organisation
in the United States.Copy !req
767. It almost sounds like that,
doesn't it?Copy !req
768. I have no comment about that.Copy !req
769. Jim Garrison believed that the
modern democratic system in AmericaCopy !req
770. was just a facade,Copy !req
771. that behind it was another
secret system of powerCopy !req
772. that really controlled the country.Copy !req
773. But you could never discover it
through normal meansCopy !req
774. because it was so deeply hidden.Copy !req
775. Garrison wrote a memo to his staff,Copy !req
776. explaining how you could
uncover this secret world.Copy !req
777. He called it Time and Propinquity.Copy !req
778. "You didn't bother with meaning
or with logic," he said,Copy !req
779. "because that will always
be hidden."Copy !req
780. Instead, you look for patterns,Copy !req
781. strange coincidences and links
that may seem to have no meaningCopy !req
782. but are actually telltale signs
on the surfaceCopy !req
783. of the hidden system
of power underneath.Copy !req
784. This theory was going to have
a very powerful effect in the futureCopy !req
785. because it would lead
to a profound shiftCopy !req
786. in how many people
understood the world,Copy !req
787. because what it said was that
in a dark world of hidden power,Copy !req
788. you couldn't expect
everything to make sense,Copy !req
789. that it was pointless to try
and understand the meaningCopy !req
790. of why something happened,Copy !req
791. because that would always be hidden
from you.Copy !req
792. What you looked for
were the patterns.Copy !req
793. And when Garrison read
Kerry Thornley's novel,Copy !req
794. he saw a pattern.Copy !req
795. Not only had Thornley been
in the Marines with OswaldCopy !req
796. and written a novel about him, but
he had come to live in the same cityCopy !req
797. that Oswald had lived in
before the assassination.Copy !req
798. And in 1967,
Garrison accused ThornleyCopy !req
799. of being part of the conspiracy.Copy !req
800. Thornley was furious.Copy !req
801. He knew that Garrison was wrong...Copy !req
802. .. but he also hated the very idea
of conspiracy theories.Copy !req
803. He believed that they were
one of the waysCopy !req
804. those in power controlled you.Copy !req
805. Conspiracy theories made you believe
that there were hidden forcesCopy !req
806. that really controlled the world,Copy !req
807. and that made you as an individual
feel weak and powerless.Copy !req
808. Suspicion, he believed,
was just another form of control.Copy !req
809. Thornley wanted to find ways
to free peopleCopy !req
810. from that kind of conditioning
that held them back as individuals.Copy !req
811. There are ways of
deconditioning people,Copy !req
812. and this is what I'm interested in.Copy !req
813. I'm interested in finding
some techniqueCopy !req
814. by which great masses of peopleCopy !req
815. can be broken out of their
authoritarian conditioningCopy !req
816. all at once, to figure out exactly
what that type of enlightenment is,Copy !req
817. that type of liberation from
authoritarian conditioning is,Copy !req
818. and how to achieve it
on a wholesale basis.Copy !req
819. Thornley was right that most of what
Garrison allegedCopy !req
820. was complete fantasy.Copy !req
821. Despite all the patterns,Copy !req
822. he could produce no evidence
of a hidden conspiracy.Copy !req
823. But what Thornley didn't realise
was that at the same time,Copy !req
824. there was another very real
conspiracy being runCopy !req
825. by the American government,Copy !req
826. and its aim was to try and do
the very same thingCopy !req
827. as he wanted to do.Copy !req
828. The Central Intelligence Agency
was trying to find waysCopy !req
829. to wipe the past from
people's minds,Copy !req
830. to see if they could free them
from the conditioningCopy !req
831. that had been implanted there.Copy !req
832. Psychologists working for the CIA
had come to believeCopy !req
833. that individuals were far weaker
than they had believed...Copy !req
834. .. and they wanted to see
if they could implantCopy !req
835. new patterns of thought
in their minds.Copy !req
836. The image of the human being
that was being built upCopy !req
837. at that particular time
was that there was a great dealCopy !req
838. of vulnerability
in every human beingCopy !req
839. and that that vulnerability
could be manipulatedCopy !req
840. to programme somebody
to be somethingCopy !req
841. that I wanted them to beCopy !req
842. and they didn't want to be...Copy !req
843. .. that you could manipulate people
in such a wayCopy !req
844. that they could be automatons,
if you will,Copy !req
845. for whatever your own purposes were.Copy !req
846. This was the image that people
thought was possible.Copy !req
847. The CIA set up a secret project
called MKUltra.Copy !req
848. It was led by a psychiatrist
called Ewen Cameron,Copy !req
849. who worked in a hospital in Montreal
called the Allan Memorial.Copy !req
850. He took patients and,
without telling them, experimentedCopy !req
851. to see if he could wipe what
he called "the sick memories"Copy !req
852. from their minds.Copy !req
853. To do this, he used
repeated electroshocksCopy !req
854. and massive doses of LSD.Copy !req
855. They shipped me up to what they
called the Sleep Room,Copy !req
856. and they gave me all of these
electroconvulsive shock treatmentsCopy !req
857. and megadoses of drugs and LSD
and all of that.Copy !req
858. And I have no memory of
any of that -Copy !req
859. nothing of that time
at the Allan MemorialCopy !req
860. or any of my life previous to that.Copy !req
861. All gone. Wiped.Copy !req
862. Some members of Discordianism
were working at Playboy magazine,Copy !req
863. and Thornley decided that he was
going to use Playboy magazineCopy !req
864. to start an experiment that would
make people see how absurdCopy !req
865. all conspiracy theories really were.Copy !req
866. He called it Operation Mindfuck.Copy !req
867. In 1969, he and Greg Hill began
Operation MindfuckCopy !req
868. by placing a false letter
in the Playboy letters page.Copy !req
869. They put it between another letterCopy !req
870. asking if gun fanatics
had small penisesCopy !req
871. and one from a man asking
about the physical dangerCopy !req
872. to his testicles from heavy petting.Copy !req
873. Thornley's fake letter asked whether
all the political assassinationsCopy !req
874. in America were really
being mastermindedCopy !req
875. by a single secret society,Copy !req
876. and the society it named
was the Illuminati.Copy !req
877. It said that the Illuminati
were behind all the chaosCopy !req
878. and the fear that was now
gripping America.Copy !req
879. He and the other Discordians then
proceeded to spread this ideaCopy !req
880. all across America through
the counterculture,Copy !req
881. in magazines and books
and even in plays.Copy !req
882. Thornley's aim was to try and break
the spell of conspiracy theoriesCopy !req
883. by making people see the absurdity
of believing them,Copy !req
884. and he had chosen the Illuminati
for the experimentCopy !req
885. because no-one could
possibly believeCopy !req
886. that an 18th-century organisation
from Bavaria was really,Copy !req
887. in the second half of
the 20th century,Copy !req
888. the secret rulers
of the modern world.Copy !req
889. It was clearly ridiculous.Copy !req
890. Dr Cameron's experiments
were a disaster.Copy !req
891. His brutal techniques succeeded onlyCopy !req
892. in wiping the minds of those
he experimented on.Copy !req
893. He then found he could put
nothing back.Copy !req
894. He totally failed to implant
any new memoriesCopy !req
895. or any new ways of seeing the world.Copy !req
896. His patients found themselves
in a worldCopy !req
897. that had no meaning any longer.Copy !req
898. When I was discharged
from the Allan Memorial,Copy !req
899. I felt like a...Copy !req
900. ..like an alien from another world
visiting this world.Copy !req
901. I knew I was differentCopy !req
902. and I didn't know how to become
like everybody else.Copy !req
903. And it was a very lonely,
scary place to be.Copy !req
904. "This is your husband."Copy !req
905. What? What's "husband?"Copy !req
906. What's "making love?"Copy !req
907. In the world of individualism
that was about to come,Copy !req
908. psychology was going to play
a powerful roleCopy !req
909. because it said it could help
to changeCopy !req
910. what was inside people's minds.Copy !req
911. But what Cameron and the CIA
had doneCopy !req
912. showed, in a dramatic and extreme
way, the weakness of this.Copy !req
913. They had assumed that most of what
people felt came from within them,Copy !req
914. and to make them happier,Copy !req
915. you just had to alter
what was inside their brains.Copy !req
916. What was forgotten
was the other view -Copy !req
917. that what shapes how people feel
is the society around them...Copy !req
918. .. above all, the structure of power
that not only controls their lives,Copy !req
919. but also how they feel.Copy !req
920. And if you want to change
the way people feel,Copy !req
921. you have to find a way
to change that, too.Copy !req
922. Memory is wrapped in what society
has decidedCopy !req
923. we should feel like.Copy !req
924. "You should cry at funerals."Copy !req
925. I found myself not crying
at a funeralCopy !req
926. and I felt just fine.Copy !req
927. And I thought, "Gee, there's
something the matter with me.Copy !req
928. "I'm not crying. I should cry.Copy !req
929. "Everybody else is crying."Copy !req
930. But... But there wasn't that...Copy !req
931. .. that need to.Copy !req
932. Recharge & Revolt
by The RaveonettesCopy !req
933. My old man died for this country!Copy !req
934. Don't you dare say that to me!Copy !req
935. Michael de Freitas decided that he
was going to become a revolutionary.Copy !req
936. He was going to challenge and expose
the corrupt old structures of powerCopy !req
937. that he believed still
haunted and controlledCopy !req
938. the minds of the English people,
even though their empire was gone.Copy !req
939. I can't live in this system.Copy !req
940. I don't like it, I don't want it.Copy !req
941. I want to destroy everything
down to the ground, the lot, ashes.Copy !req
942. That's what I want.Copy !req
943. Overture
by Brian McBrideCopy !req
944. All three -Copy !req
945. Jiang Qing, Michael de Freitas
and Kerry Thornley -Copy !req
946. knew that their struggle
was with the forcesCopy !req
947. from the old power of the pastCopy !req
948. that they believed were still lodged
in people's minds.Copy !req
949. But at the same time, quietly
rising up was a new systemCopy !req
950. that seemed as if it would never
have to face that struggle -Copy !req
951. because it would be completely free
of the past.Copy !req
952. The laws of human thought
that George Boole had createdCopy !req
953. had become the central structure of
all thinking machines, computers,Copy !req
954. because it fitted perfectly with
the binary switching systemCopy !req
955. inside them - either zero or one -Copy !req
956. and it was used by the machines
to create endless branching pathwaysCopy !req
957. of binary logic called algorithms.Copy !req
958. Out of that was going to come the
dream of artificial intelligence,Copy !req
959. machines that could
think independently,Copy !req
960. that could then order and manage
the world as a rational system,Copy !req
961. not driven by the dangerous
ideologies of the past.Copy !req
962. But back in the 1960s,Copy !req
963. as the engineers began to build
the first neural networks,Copy !req
964. what they had forgotten was that
the system of thoughtCopy !req
965. they were creating inside the
machines did have its own history,Copy !req
966. that it had been born out of a timeCopy !req
967. when science had become
deeply involved in questionsCopy !req
968. of power and control
in the British Empire...Copy !req
969. .. that what lay behind
the computer logicCopy !req
970. was the aim of simplifying
human thought,Copy !req
971. which would finally allow you
to colonise the last free outpost -Copy !req
972. the human mind.Copy !req
973. But unlike the old empires,
where power was visible,Copy !req
974. this power would be hidden
in remote places, in the servers.Copy !req
975. But something else from the pastCopy !req
976. would also find its way
into those servers.Copy !req
977. In the political and economic chaos
of the early 1970s,Copy !req
978. conspiracy theories were going to
spread like wildfireCopy !req
979. through the counterculture.Copy !req
980. As they did, the fake conspiraciesCopy !req
981. about the Illuminati and
the secret rulers of the worldCopy !req
982. that Kerry Thornley thought that
no-one could ever believeCopy !req
983. began to get mixed up with
the true conspiracies like MKUltra.Copy !req
984. And more and more people
began to followCopy !req
985. Jim Garrison's theory
of time and propinquity,Copy !req
986. looking for patterns of
a hidden power in America,Copy !req
987. not for logic or meaning any longer.Copy !req
988. And when the internet was created,
almost immediately,Copy !req
989. those patterns of suspicion
would move into the dataCopy !req
990. and multiply endlessly
across the system.Copy !req
991. And that dark paranoia,
that 200 years beforeCopy !req
992. had spread across the prairies
and the mountainsCopy !req
993. among isolated settlers,Copy !req
994. now spread across the virtual world,Copy !req
995. among isolated individuals sitting
alone in front of their screens...Copy !req
996. .. and suspicion and distrust
crept back into what was going to beCopy !req
997. the new system of power.Copy !req
998. Who Killed Bambi?
by Sex PistolsCopy !req
999. SHOUTING, GLASS SMASHINGCopy !req